While the use of musical parameters for emotional expression has been extensively studied, little is known about which specific musical parameters children at different ages are able to use for expressing specific emotions. We used a novel interface called Music Box that allows modification of musical parameters while music is being played in real…

Investigated potential differences between nonreferred children with and without callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Found that children with conduct problems, irrespective of CU trait presence, tended to have significant problems in emotional and behavioral regulation. CU traits, irrespective of conduct problem presence, related to a lack of…

A study was conducted involving 213 children who were either in junior kindergarten in 1978 and first grade in 1980 (69 children) or in senior kindergarten in 1978 and second grade in 1980 (144 children). Of these, 76 children had been identified by their kindergarten teachers as "thriving," 80 as "making average progress," and…