The research was conducted to compare the impacts of problem-based learning (PBL) and example-based learning (EBL) on the learning performance in an engineering domain. The research was implemented by means of experimental design. Specifically, a two-group experiment with a pre- and post-test design was used in this research. A total of 37…

Despite intensive research in computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) over the last decade, there is relatively little research about how groups and individuals in groups engage, sustain, support, and productively regulate collaborative processes. This article examines the role of regulatory processes in collaborative learning and how…

Bayesian orthodoxy posits a tight relationship between conditional probability and updating. Namely, the probability of an event "A" after learning "B" should equal the conditional probability of "A" given "B" prior to learning "B". We examine whether ordinary judgment conforms to the orthodox view. In three experiments we found substantial…

There is growing evidence that individuation experience is necessary for development of expert object discrimination that transfers to new exemplars. Individuation training in human studies has primarily used label association tasks where labels are learned at both the individual and more abstract (basic) level, and expertise criterion requires…

This study is aimed at investigating the relationships among students' relevant prior knowledge, meaningful learning orientation, reasoning ability, self-efficacy, locus of control, attitudes toward biology and achievement with the human circulatory system (HCS) using the learning cycle (LC) and the traditional classroom setting. The study was…

Many different versions of Problem-based Learning (PBL) are used today. To be consistent in evaluating the effectiveness of PBL, the focus in this paper is on what Howard Barrows called authentic PBL (aPBL). In aPBL students are empowered with the learning process; key distinguishing features are that the students teach each other the new…

The Underconfidence with Practice (UPW) effect [Koriat, A., Sheffer, L., & Ma'ayan, H. (2002). Comparing objective and subjective learning curves: Judgment of learning exhibit increased underconfidence with practice. "Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131", 147-162.], found in multi-trial learning, is marked by a pattern of…

Examined in two studies infants' reenactment of intended acts in failed-attempt paradigm. Found that when only first actions were counted, infants who observed the full-demonstration model produced more target acts. When all target acts produced within the response period were counted, infants in emulation-learning and spatial contiguity…

THIS PROJECT EXPLORED (1) INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AMONG LEARNERS WHICH MAY BE DIFFERENTIALLY RELATED TO FILM LEARNING VERSUS CONVENTIONAL OR "LIVE" LEARNING, AND (2) INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AMONG INSTRUCTIONAL FILMS WHICH MAY BE RELATED TO THEIR INSTRUCTIONAL EFFECTIVENESS OR TO IMPORTANT LEARNER CHARACTERISTICS. TWO SEPARATE STUDIES WERE…

Three experiments assessed the extent to which statistical learning generates novel word-like units, rather than probabilistically-related strings of sounds. Found that 8-month-olds' listening preferences were affected by the context (English versus nonsense) in which items from the familiarization phase were embedded during testing. Confirmed…

Results show that children with flexible styles obtained higher performances on school learning measures than children who used consistent styles. Study results suggest feasibility of identifying children who tend to use a consistent conceptual style for the purposes of prescribing instructional methods and materials. (Author/PC)

Investigated was the mathematics achievement of several hundred junior high school students, believed by their counselors and teachers to be "slow learners." This investigation focused on two critical problems: (1) whether some children benefit from less rapid pacing of material, and (2) which are the strongest predictors of achievement…

Results suggested that it may be possible to seek most efficient'' strategies for given tasks, and possibly, conditionally'' most efficient strategies for individual ability profiles. (Author)

AN EXPLORATION INTO DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE LEARNING OF VARIOUS AGE GROUPS WAS CONDUCTED TO OBTAIN DATA OF DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES FOR THE FORMATION OF LEARNING SET. THE OBJECT-QUALITY DISCRIMINATION LEARNING SET WAS STUDIED TO SEARCH FOR SYSTEMATIC RESPONSE PATTERNS, AND TO EXAMINE AGE DIFFERENCES. THE SAMPLES USED IN THIS STUDY WERE 53 NURSERY…

This document presents the variable definitions utilized in a study of the impacts of two- and four-year college attendance on learning orientations. The authors identify the specific survey items that compose the four orientations to learning explored in this study (i.e., openness to diversity/challenge, learning for self-understanding, internal…