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Kara N. Moore; Blake L. Nesmith; Dara U. Zwemer; Chenxin Yu – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
People perform poorly at sighting missing and wanted persons in simulated searches due to attention and face recognition failures. We manipulated participants' expectations of encountering a target person and the within-person variability of the targets' photographs studied in a laboratory-based and a field-based prospective person memory task. We…
Descriptors: Human Body, Recognition (Psychology), Simulation, Attention Control
Hsu, Che-Wei; Teoh, Yee-San – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
The present study aimed to examine the effects of a novel avatar interviewing aid during memory interviews with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Thirty children were recruited for our study (Age: M = 7.60, SD = 0.68), half with ASD (13 boys; 2 girls) and the other half being neurotypical (13 boys; 2 girls). Children participated in a…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children, Memory
de Koning, Björn B.; Bos, Lisanne T.; Wassenburg, Stephanie I.; van der Schoot, Menno – Educational Psychology Review, 2017
This study investigated the effects of a mental simulation training targeted at improving children's reading comprehension. In a 4-week period, one group of third and fourth graders (n = 75) learned to draw upon their sensorimotor memories and experiences to mentally simulate text (experimental training group), whereas another group (n = 51)…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Reading Strategies, Reading Instruction, Instructional Effectiveness
von Hecker, Ulrich; Klauer, Karl Christoph; Wolf, Lukas; Fazilat-Pour, Masoud – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Memory performance in linear order reasoning tasks (A > B, B > C, C > D, etc.) shows quicker, and more accurate responses to queries on wider (AD) than narrower (AB) pairs on a hypothetical linear mental model (A -- B -- C -- D). While indicative of an analogue representation, research so far did not provide positive evidence for spatial…
Descriptors: Memory, Short Term Memory, Spatial Ability, Visual Perception
Hamrick, Phillip – Language Learning, 2014
Humans are remarkably sensitive to the statistical structure of language. However, different mechanisms have been proposed to account for such statistical sensitivities. The present study compared adult learning of syntax and the ability of two models of statistical learning to simulate human performance: Simple Recurrent Networks, which learn by…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Role, Syntax, Computational Linguistics
Anderson, Rachel J.; Dewhurst, Stephen A.; Nash, Robert A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2012
Recent literature has argued that whereas remembering the past and imagining the future make use of shared cognitive substrates, simulating future events places heavier demands on executive resources. These propositions were explored in 3 experiments comparing the impact of imagery and concurrent task demands on speed and accuracy of past event…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Futures (of Society), Imagery, Task Analysis
Elangovan, Tavasuria; Ismail, Zurida – Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching, 2014
A quasi experimental study was conducted for six weeks to determine the effectiveness of two different 3D computer simulation based teaching methods, that is, realistic simulation and non-realistic simulation on Form Four Biology students' achievement and memory retention in Perak, Malaysia. A sample of 136 Form Four Biology students in Perak,…
Descriptors: Quasiexperimental Design, Computer Simulation, Teaching Methods, Instructional Effectiveness
Li, Nan; Cohen, William W.; Koedinger, Kenneth R. – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2013
The order of problems presented to students is an important variable that affects learning effectiveness. Previous studies have shown that solving problems in a blocked order, in which all problems of one type are completed before the student is switched to the next problem type, results in less effective performance than does solving the problems…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Teacher Effectiveness, Problem Solving, Problem Based Learning
Madore, Kevin P.; Gaesser, Brendan; Schacter, Daniel L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
According to the constructive episodic simulation hypothesis (Schacter & Addis, 2007), both remembered past and imagined future events rely heavily on episodic memory. An alternative hypothesis is that observed similarities between remembering and imagining reflect the influence of broader factors such as descriptive ability, narrative style,…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Young Adults, Older Adults, Memory
Murayama, Kou; Sakaki, Michiko; Yan, Veronica X.; Smith, Garry M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
In order to examine metacognitive accuracy (i.e., the relationship between metacognitive judgment and memory performance), researchers often rely on by-participant analysis, where metacognitive accuracy (e.g., resolution, as measured by the gamma coefficient or signal detection measures) is computed for each participant and the computed values are…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Memory, Accuracy, Statistical Analysis
Fong, Soon Fook; Por, Fei Ping; Tang, Ai Ling – Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology - TOJET, 2012
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of multiple simulation presentation in interactive multimedia are on the achievement of students with different levels of anxiety in the learning of Probability. The interactive multimedia courseware was developed in two different modes, which were Multiple Simulation Presentation (MSP) and…
Descriptors: Anxiety, Courseware, Probability, Computer Simulation
Budd, Mary-Jane; Hanley, J. Richard; Griffiths, Yvonne – Journal of Memory and Language, 2011
This study investigated whether Foygel and Dell's (2000) interactive two-step model of speech production could simulate the number and type of errors made in picture-naming by 68 children of elementary-school age. Results showed that the model provided a satisfactory simulation of the mean error profile of children aged five, six, seven, eight and…
Descriptors: Speech, Phonology, Semantics, Children
Loft, Shayne; Remington, Roger W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 2010
Theories and methods from the prospective memory literature were used to anticipate how individuals would maintain and retrieve intentions in a continuous monitoring dynamic display task. Participants accepted aircraft into sectors and detected aircraft conflicts during an air traffic control simulation. They were sometimes required to substitute…
Descriptors: Cues, Memory, Task Analysis, Visual Aids
Jang, Yoonhee; Wixted, John T.; Huber, David E. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2009
The current study compared 3 models of recognition memory in their ability to generalize across yes/no and 2-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) testing. The unequal-variance signal-detection model assumes a continuous memory strength process. The dual-process signal-detection model adds a thresholdlike recollection process to a continuous…
Descriptors: Test Format, Familiarity, Testing, Criteria
Shiffrin, Richard M.; Lee, Michael D.; Kim, Woojae; Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan – Cognitive Science, 2008
This article reviews current methods for evaluating models in the cognitive sciences, including theoretically based approaches, such as Bayes factors and minimum description length measures; simulation approaches, including model mimicry evaluations; and practical approaches, such as validation and generalization measures. This article argues…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Generalization, Sciences, Models
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