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Feldman, Benjamin H.; Dimitropoulos, Anastasia – Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2014
Individuals with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) are at risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including socialization problems. The PWS chromosome 15q11-13 maternal uniparental disomy (mUPD) subtype displays greater ASD symptoms than the paternal deletion (DEL) subtype. Since interpreting faces leads to successful socialization, we compared face…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Genetic Disorders, Mental Retardation
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Carlin, Michael; Toglia, Michael P.; Belmonte, Colleen; DiMeglio, Chiara – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2012
In the present study the effects of visual, auditory, and audio-visual presentation formats on memory for thematically constructed lists were assessed in individuals with intellectual disability and mental age-matched children. The auditory recognition test included target items, unrelated foils, and two types of semantic lures: critical related…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Memory, Semantics, Recognition (Psychology)
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Maljaars, J. P. W.; Noens, I. L. J.; Scholte, E. M.; Verpoorten, R. A. W.; van Berckelaer-Onnes, I. A. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2011
Background: The ComFor study has indicated that individuals with intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show enhanced visual local processing compared with individuals with ID only. Items of the ComFor with meaningless materials provided the best discrimination between the two samples. These results can be explained by the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Rhetoric, Mental Retardation, Autism
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Palomares, Melanie; Englund, Julia A.; Ahlers, Stephanie – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Williams Syndrome (WS) is a developmental disorder typified by deficits in visuospatial cognition. To understand the nature of this deficit, we characterized how people with WS perceive visual orientation, a fundamental ability related to object identification. We compared WS participants to typically developing children (3-6 years of age) and…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Mental Retardation, Genetic Disorders, Developmental Disabilities
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Ludlow, A. K.; Wilkins, A. J.; Heaton, P. – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2008
Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), together with controls matched for age and ability participated in three experiments that assessed the therapeutic benefit of colored overlays. The findings from the first experiment showed that a significantly greater proportion of children with ASD, than controls, increased reading speed when using…
Descriptors: Autism, Reading Rate, Therapy, Color
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Aman, Michael G.; Hollway, Jill A.; Leone, Sarah; Masty, Jessica; Lindsay, Ronald; Nash, Patricia; Arnold, L. Eugene – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2009
This study was designed to explore the placebo-controlled effects of risperidone on cognitive-motor processes, dyskinetic movements, and behavior in children receiving maintenance risperidone therapy. Sixteen children aged 4-14 years with disruptive behavior were randomly assigned to drug order in a crossover study of risperidone and placebo for 2…
Descriptors: Metabolism, Behavior Problems, Reaction Time, Hyperactivity
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Mulvaney, Dallas E.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1981
Two normal and two mentally retarded children were trained to earn pennies by pressing a key according to a multiple variable-interval extinction schedule of reinforcement. Retarded children differed from normal children by producing more positive than negative discriminative stimuli. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Children, Comparative Analysis, Discrimination Learning, Mental Retardation
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Pelc, Robert E. – Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1971
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis, Difficulty Level
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Smeets, Paul M.; And Others – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1990
Two time-delay conditions for teaching complex visual discriminations to 14 normal preschoolers, 12 with mild mental retardation, and 11 with moderate mental retardation were compared. Results indicated that for all populations and stimuli, time delay of multiple dynamic distinctive-feature prompts produced learning, while time delay of the single…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Cues, Discrimination Learning, Mental Retardation
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Ypsilanti, Antonia; Grouios, George; Zikouli, Argiro; Hatzinikolaou, Kostantinos – Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 2006
Background: Williams syndrome (WS) and Down syndrome (DS) are two neurodevelopmental genetically based disorders which exhibit mental retardation with a unique cognitive profile. Naming in individuals with WS and DS has been investigated in several studies, with results indicating that the performance of children with WS and DS is at a similar…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Neurological Impairments, Cognitive Processes, Children