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Proctor, Tanja; Zimmermann, Samuel; Seide, Svenja; Kieser, Meinhard – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
During drug development, a biomarker is sometimes identified as separating a patient population into those with more and those with less benefit from evaluated treatments. Consequently, later studies might be targeted, while earlier ones are performed in mixed patient populations. This poses a challenge in evidence synthesis, especially if only…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Meta Analysis, Patients, Medical Research
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Phillippo, David M.; Dias, Sofia; Ades, A. E.; Welton, Nicky J. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2020
Indirect comparisons are used to obtain estimates of relative effectiveness between two treatments that have not been compared in the same randomized controlled trial, but have instead been compared against a common comparator in separate trials. Standard indirect comparisons use only aggregate data, under the assumption that there are no…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Outcomes of Treatment, Patients, Randomized Controlled Trials
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Fujiki, Robert Brinton; Oliver, Abby J.; Sivasankar, M. Preeti; Craig, Bruce A.; Malandraki, Georgia A. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2019
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate secondary voice outcomes and detraining effects of 2 head and neck strengthening exercises, which have been used in swallowing rehabilitation, that is, the head-lift exercise (HLE) and the recline exercise (RE), in healthy older adults. Method: Twenty-seven healthy older adults (between 60 and 85…
Descriptors: Randomized Controlled Trials, Comparative Analysis, Human Body, Exercise
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Ahmadi, Zakieh; Sadeghi, Tabandeh; Loripoor, Marzeyeh – Health Education Research, 2018
Education is an important aspect of care for diabetic patients. This study aimed to compare the effect of education by health care provider and peer on self-care behaviors among Iranian patients with diabetes. In this clinical randomized control trial, we enrolled 120 patients with type 2 diabetes who were referred to the Diabetes Clinic at a…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Diabetes, Health Education, Patients
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Schwindt, Rhonda; Hudmon, Karen Suchanek; Knisely, Mitchell; Davis, Lorie; Pike, Caitlin – Journal of Drug Education, 2017
Persons with mental illness smoke at rates two to four times higher than do persons without mental illness and comprise 30.9% of the U.S. tobacco market. Given the prevalence of mental illness and the known detrimental effects of tobacco, concerted efforts are needed to promote the use of evidence-based treatment options. We conducted a systematic…
Descriptors: Smoking, Mental Disorders, Health Behavior, Incidence
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Sproson, Lise; Pownall, Sue; Enderby, Pam; Freeman, Jenny – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2018
Background: Dysphagia is common after stroke, affecting up to 50% of patients initially. It can lead to post-stroke pneumonia, which causes 30% of stroke-related deaths, a longer hospital stay and poorer health outcomes. Dysphagia care post-stroke generally focuses on the management of symptoms, via modified oral intake textures and adapted…
Descriptors: Randomized Controlled Trials, Physical Disabilities, Eating Disorders, Pilot Projects
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Ledford, Christy J. W.; Womack, Jasmyne J.; Rider, Heather A.; Seehusen, Angela B.; Conner, Stephen J.; Lauters, Rebecca A.; Hodge, Joshua A. – Health Education & Behavior, 2018
Background: As pregnant mothers increasingly engage in shared decision making regarding prenatal decisions, such as induction of labor, the patient's level of activation may influence pregnancy outcomes. One potential tool to increase patient activation in the clinical setting is mobile applications. However, research is limited in comparing…
Descriptors: Prenatal Care, Randomized Controlled Trials, Pregnancy, Clinics
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George, Christine Marie; Biswas, Shwapon; Jung, Danielle; Perin, Jamie; Parvin, Tahmina; Monira, Shirajum; Saif-Ur-Rahman, K. M.; Rashid, Mahamud-ur; Bhuyian, Sazzadul Islam; Thomas, Elizabeth D.; Dreibelbis, Robert; Begum, Farzana; Zohura, Fatema; Zhang, Xiaotong; Sack, David A.; Alam, Munirul; Sack, R. Bradley; Leontsini, Elli; Winch, Peter J. – Health Education & Behavior, 2017
Inadequate hand hygiene is estimated to result in nearly 300,000 deaths annually, with the majority of deaths being among children younger than 5 years. In an effort to promote handwashing with soap and water treatment behaviors among highly susceptible household members of cholera patients, we recently developed the Cholera-Hospital-Based…
Descriptors: Hygiene, Health Promotion, Health Behavior, Intervention
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Mohammed, Salwa A. – Journal of Education and Practice, 2016
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most important types of cancer among women worldwide and is a significant stressor in women's life that may affect functional health status. The present study was aimed to determine the effect of selected exercises program on pain, shoulder disability, and functional outcomes in women after breast cancer…
Descriptors: Exercise, Intervention, Pain, Human Body