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Duxbury, Scott W. – Sociological Methods & Research, 2023
This study shows that residual variation can cause problems related to scaling in exponential random graph models (ERGM). Residual variation is likely to exist when there are unmeasured variables in a model--even those uncorrelated with other predictors--or when the logistic form of the model is inappropriate. As a consequence, coefficients cannot…
Descriptors: Graphs, Scaling, Research Problems, Models
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National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
Representative samples of fourth- and eighth-grade public school students from 21 urban districts participated in the 2011 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in mathematics. Eighteen of the districts participating in the 2011 NAEP Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) participated in earlier assessment years, while three districts…
Descriptors: Achievement Gap, Algebra, Comparative Analysis, Disabilities
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National Center for Education Statistics, 2011
Representative samples of fourth- and eighth-grade public school students from 21 urban districts participated in the 2011 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in reading. Eighteen of the districts participating in the 2011 NAEP Trial Urban District Assessment (TUDA) participated in earlier assessment years, while three districts…
Descriptors: Achievement Gap, Comparative Analysis, Disabilities, Educational Assessment
Watson, Jane – Australian Mathematics Teacher, 2007
Inference, or decision making, is seen in curriculum documents as the final step in a statistical investigation. For a formal statistical enquiry this may be associated with sophisticated tests involving probability distributions. For young students without the mathematical background to perform such tests, it is still possible to draw informal…
Descriptors: Inferences, Probability, Prediction, Decision Making
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Sharma, S. V. – International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2006
Concerns about students' difficulties in statistical reasoning led to a study which explored form five (14- to 16-year-olds) students' ideas in this area. The study focussed on descriptive statistics, graphical representations, and probability. This paper presents and discusses the ways in which students made sense of information in graphical…
Descriptors: Mathematical Concepts, Probability, Student Attitudes, Tables (Data)
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What Works Clearinghouse, 2007
"University of Chicago School Mathematics Project (UCSMP) Algebra," designed to increase students' skills in algebra, is appropriate for students in grades 7-10, depending on the students' incoming knowledge. This one-year course highlights applications, uses statistics and geometry to develop the algebra of linear equations and…
Descriptors: Grade 7, Algebra, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Skills