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Vasylets, Olena; Mellado, M. Dolores; Plonsky, Luke – Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2022
It is unknown whether and to what extent cognitive individual differences may play different roles in paper versus computer-based second language (L2) writing. This exploratory study is a first attempt to explore this issue, focusing on the effects of working memory and language aptitude on the quality of paper versus computer-based L2 writing…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Writing Skills, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Baaijen, Veerle M.; Galbraith, David – Cognition and Instruction, 2018
This study compares a problem-solving account of discovery through writing, which attributes discovery to strategic rhetorical planning and assumes discovery is associated with better quality text, to a dual-process account, which attributes discovery to the combined effect of 2 conflicting processes with opposing relationships to text quality.…
Descriptors: Writing Processes, Writing Strategies, Metacognition, Correlation
Baumeister, Antonia E.; Engelmann, Tanja; Hesse, Friedrich W. – Educational Technology Research and Development, 2017
This experimental study extends conflict elaboration theory (1) by revealing social influence dynamics for a knowledge-rich computer-supported socio-cognitive conflict task not investigated in the context of this theory before and (2) by showing the impact of individual differences in social comparison orientation. Students in two conditions…
Descriptors: Social Theories, Social Influences, Social Cognition, Conflict
Jan, Mingfong – Learning: Research and Practice, 2016
This paper examines two research perspectives on learning--developmental psychology and the learning sciences. We compare and contrast works from two leading researchers--Deanna Kuhn and Ann Brown--as a way to illustrate how questions and research on learning, such as problem-solving, inquiry, metacognition, self-directed learning, are raised and…
Descriptors: Developmental Psychology, Learning Processes, Individual Differences, Cultural Context
Waisman, Ilana; Leikin, Mark; Leikin, Roza – ZDM: The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 2016
Mathematical processing associated with solving short geometry problems requiring logical inference was examined among students who differ in their levels of general giftedness (G) and excellence in mathematics (EM) using ERP research methodology. Sixty-seven male adolescents formed four major research groups designed according to various…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Cognitive Processes, Geometry, Mathematical Logic
Xu, Chang; Wells, Emma; LeFevre, Jo-Anne; Imbo, Ineke – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
The purpose of the present study was to examine factors that influence strategic flexibility in computational estimation for Chinese- and Canadian-educated adults. Strategic flexibility was operationalized as the percentage of trials on which participants chose the problem-based procedure that best balanced proximity to the correct answer with…
Descriptors: Computation, Problem Solving, Feedback (Response), Accuracy
Andiliou, Andria; Murphy, P. Karen – Frontline Learning Research, 2014
Creative problem solving which results in novel and effective ideas or products is most advanced when learners can analyze, evaluate, and refine their ideas to improve creative solutions. The purpose of this investigation was to examine creative problem solving performance in undergraduate students and determine the tasks that support critical…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Persuasive Discourse, Student Attitudes, Teacher Role
Kwisthout, Johan – Journal of Problem Solving, 2012
When computer scientists discuss the computational complexity of, for example, finding the shortest path from building A to building B in some town or city, their starting point typically is a formal description of the problem at hand, e.g., a graph with weights on every edge where buildings correspond to vertices, routes between buildings to…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Computation, Abstract Reasoning, Difficulty Level
Gallo, David A.; Cramer, Stefanie J.; Wong, Jessica T.; Bennett, David A. – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Alzheimer's disease (AD) can impair metacognition in addition to more basic cognitive functions like memory. However, while global metacognitive inaccuracies are well documented (i.e., low deficit awareness, or anosognosia), the evidence is mixed regarding the effects of AD on local or task-based metacognitive judgments. Here we investigated local…
Descriptors: Evidence, Cues, Alzheimers Disease, Diseases
Cho, Sun-Joo; Cohen, Allan S.; Bottge, Brian – Grantee Submission, 2013
A multilevel latent transition analysis (LTA) with a mixture IRT measurement model (MixIRTM) is described for investigating the effectiveness of an intervention. The addition of a MixIRTM to the multilevel LTA permits consideration of both potential heterogeneity in students' response to instructional intervention as well as a methodology for…
Descriptors: Intervention, Item Response Theory, Statistical Analysis, Models
Reeve, Robert; Reynolds, Fiona; Humberstone, Judi; Butterworth, Brian – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2012
Dot enumeration (DE) and number comparison (NC) abilities are considered markers of core number competence. Differences in DE/NC reaction time (RT) signatures are thought to distinguish between typical and atypical number development. Whether a child's DE and NC signatures change or remain stable over time, relative to other developmental…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Profiles, Children, Reaction Time
Hickendorff, Marian; van Putten, Cornelis M.; Verhelst, Norman D.; Heiser, Willem J. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2010
Individual differences in strategy use (choice and accuracy) were analyzed. A sample of 362 Grade 6 students solved complex division problems under 2 different conditions. In the choice condition students were allowed to use either a mental or a written strategy. In the subsequent no-choice condition, they were required to use a written strategy.…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Grade 6, Item Response Theory, Computation
Chronicle, Edward P.; MacGregor, James N.; Lee, Michael; Ormerod, Thomas C.; Hughes, Peter – Journal of Problem Solving, 2008
Results on human performance on the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) from different laboratories show high consistency. However, one exception is in the area of individual differences. While one research group has consistently failed to find systematic individual differences across instances of TSPs (Chronicle, MacGregor and Ormerod), another…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Problem Solving, Performance, Research Problems
Lee, Michael D.; Paradowski, Michael J. – Journal of Problem Solving, 2007
We consider group decision-making on an optimal stopping problem, for which large and stable individual differences have previously been established. In the problem, people are presented with a sequence of five random numbers between 0 and 100, one at a time, and are required to choose the maximum of the sequence, without being allowed to return…
Descriptors: Participative Decision Making, Problem Solving, Individual Differences, Comparative Analysis

Kroonenberg, Pieter M.; Snyder, Conrad W., Jr. – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1989
Data on problem solving collected within the framework of G. Eckblad's cognitive theory of affect (1981) are analyzed with 3-mode principal component analysis. Eight tasks with 6 judgment scales were completed by 32 13-year-old boys. The effectiveness of the TUCKALS principal components analysis method is discussed. (SLD)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Children, Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis
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