We compared the original deck-based model of advantageous decision making assessed with the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) with a trial-based approach across behavioral and physiological outcomes in 33 younger adults (15 men, 18 women; 22.2 [plus or minus] 3.7 years of age). One administration of the IGT with simultaneous measurement of skin conductance…

Methods of mapping cognitive structure were compared. Free and controlled word association tests and a tree-construction test were administered to graduate students. Very similar patterns of relations among words and graphic representations of these structures were produced. No agreement among the individual measures of concept interconnectedness…

Three groups of 36, institutionalized retarded, noninstitutionalized retarded and normal children equated on mental age were evaluated on a measure of psychological distance, the Sticker Family Game. Significantly less psychological distance was found between the child and parental figures in the retarded groups than in the normal groups. (Author)