Compared male and female four-year-olds' performance on a kinesthetic acuity test (KAT) with or without extra visual-spatial cues and on a measure of visual-spatial ability. Found that all children performed better on the KAT with extra cues and that boys scored higher on visual-spatial ability and performed better on the KAT only with extra cues.…

This exploratory study investigated whether there are differences between males and females in the strategies used to construct mental representations from three-dimensional objects in a dimensional travel display. A Silicon Graphics IRIS computer was used to create the travel displays and mathematical models were created for each of the objects…

British and Zambian children were compared on their abilities to reproduce patterns, from tactile and visual presentations, by modeling, drawing, and gesturing. Age, sex, and intelligence variables were analyzed. Results suggested that cross-cultural differences in these tasks reflect differences in specific perceptual skills rather than broad…

The author reexamined the relationship between sex and empathy using graduate students as subjects. The results show that, contrary to Olesker and Balter's findings, for the subjects there was no significant difference in empathic ability whether judging members of the same or the opposite sex. (Author/SE)

Investigates similarities and differences between male and female homicide offenders, as well as between murderers and non-aggressive property offenders. Supported the hypothesis that as individual's lives tend to be characterized by situations of high unreciprocity, the likelihood of homicide increases. (Author)

Based on an analysis of the sex of the first drawn figure as the product of sexual identificatory ties and cultural attitudes toward the sexes, the hypothesis was confirmed that the more positive contemporary values assigned to the female role occur in a greater percentage of girls now than previously. (Author/KM)

Adults' conceptions of children's abilities were examined as a function of three factors: the nature of the subject group, the particular ability in question, and the particular questions asked about the ability. Subjects were 60 adults equally divided among four groups: female parents, female nonparents, male parents, and male nonparents. (MP)

Adults with different sex-role identities rated likability of male and female stimulus persons. Under some conditions, all female subjects and feminine males made more polar ratings of opposite-sex stimulus persons. Under other conditions, masculine males rated male stimulus persons more negatively than female stimulus persons. (Author)

All children tended to view the mother more frequently than the father as a source of understanding and comfort, and all the groups saw the father more often than the mother as dominating, and fear provoking. (Author)

This study examined sex differences in values and roles reported by five samples of adults from North America and Europe. The data were derived from a larger set gathered as part of the Work Importance Study (WIS) in which researchers in a dozen countries developed the two instruments in their own language. The question posed here related to the…