This article reviews 43 U.S. studies assessing adaptive and challenging behavior outcomes associated with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) who moved from institutions to community residential settings. These studies were published between 1977 and 2010. Longitudinal and comparison group studies were selected based on a…

Objective: To examine the results of prison privatization. Method: In an effort to provide an empirical base from which decisions about privatization might be made, we conducted a meta-analysis of reports on head-to-head comparisons between an identifiable privately managed and publicly managed prison(s). Results: Our search identified 12 studies.…

The present study is a nationwide survey of study-release programs in the United States. Study-release attempts to bring the inmate back into the community by providing him with educational skills that are important and highly valued in achievement-oriented modern societies. (Author)

Forty-nine clients who had been deinstitutionalized into community settings were matched with clients who remained in the institution. In a subsequent assessment, community clients surpassed institutional clients in social and cognitive skills (including reading/writing, quantitative, community orientation, leisure time, vocational, and social…

The long-term results of a 32-hour interpersonal communication skills training program for unit staff in a large state psychiatric hospital were evaluated. The main goal was to improve staff effectiveness through systematic training in communication behaviors expressing empathy in staff-patient interactions. Staff outcome measures were turnover,…