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Hong, Guanglei – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2013
When using time series accountability data to evaluate system-wide education policies, concurrent changes often pose threats to internal validity. The standard difference-in-differences (DID) method resorts to a non-equivalent comparison group whose average outcome change is due to such confounding. This strategy relies on the strong assumption…
Descriptors: Accountability, Scores, Comparative Analysis, Algebra
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McCullough, G. H.; Rosenbek, J. C.; Wertz, R. T.; McCoy, S.; Mann, G.; McCullough, K. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2005
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the utility of clinical swallowing examination (CSE) measures for detecting aspiration as defined by videofluoroscopic swallowing examination (VFSE). This study, involving 165 participants, is a follow-up to a previously published investigation of 60 participants. Findings are compared with that…
Descriptors: Patients, Followup Studies, Comparative Analysis, Clinical Diagnosis