Discusses language references pertaining to anatomy and calls them "part of" as opposed to "kind of" references. When speaking about anatomy the relationship is always one of parts to the whole, hence, "part of". Classifications are set up distinguishing "part of" from "kind of" relations and contrasts are made between speakers of English, Saxon,…

Finds that college students with high writing apprehension differed significantly from those with low apprehension of writing on both perceived message quality and actual structural characteristics of the messages they encoded. (Author/GW)

THE CLOZE PROCEDURE WAS USED TO INVESTIGATE THE PREDICTABILITY OF LANGUAGE MATERIALS AND TO EXAMINE THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE WRITTEN PRODUCTION OF LANGUAGE AND READING TO STRUCTURAL AND LEXICAL CONSTRUCTS. FIFTY-SIX SOPHOMORES RANDOMLY SELECTED FROM 152 STUDENTS ENROLLED IN INTRODUCTORY PSYCHOLOGY COURSES AT CAMPBELL COLLEGE WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED…

The contention that Esperanto is a natural linguistic system is discussed. Research is cited concerning universals of word order, dominant word order, polar type languages, Esperanto as a verb-subject-object language, and gapping in Esperanto. It is concluded that contrary to grammatical tradition, word order is not and cannot be completely free.…

This paper examines the semantic and structural characteristics of a basic pattern in English and discusses Spanish equivalents. A sentence-by-sentence analysis is made with consideration of transformations on the basic patterns in both languages. Translation and transformation complications in the two languages are illustrated. The equivalence…

SEX DIFFERENCES IN READING ACHIEVEMENT RESULTING FROM USE OF TWO DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO TEACHING READING IN THE FIRST GRADE WERE STUDIED. A STANDARD BASAL READER APPROACH WAS USED WITH READING GROUPS DIVIDED BY SEX AS WELL AS ABILITY. PACE AND EMPHASIS OF INSTRUCTION FOR THE BOYS WAS ADAPTED TO SUIT THEIR NEEDS. A LINGUISTIC APPROACH ORGANIZED TO…

The liberty of deviation from the dominant word order in Esperanto and the natural languages is considered. Greenberg's classification of the languages according to four criteria, the liberty of word order in Sanskrit, and the norm of grammaticality in a constructed language are considered. Objection is made to St. Clair's argument that word order…

This paper presents a morphophonemic analysis of the characteristics that distinguish verb structure in New Mexican Spanish from that of Standard Spanish. Verb structure and classification are discussed, and verbs are analyzed as being composed of four components: stem, thematic vowel, tense-aspect, and person-number. Verbs are classified as…

This volume presents five languages of India-Nepal from four different language families: Halbi and Kupia (India) of the Indo-Aryan family, Parengi-Gorum (India) of the Munda family, Dhangar-Kudux (Nepal) of the Dravidian family, and Tamang (Nepal) of the Tibeto-Burman family. Papers are entitled "Semanitc Relations between Whole Propositions…

This volume presents a study of the clause as a verb-centered construction surrounded by certain nuclear constituents which serve to subcategorize it. Five India-Nepal languages are examined: Kotia Oriya, Kupia, and Maithili (Indo-Aryan family); and Dhanghar-Kurux and Kolani (Dravidian family). Dhangar-Kurux and Maithili are spoken in Nepal, the…

The techniques of transformational grammar can be used effectively to identify and describe significant differences in the language competencies of children at several grade levels. The oral language responses of 150 elementary school children and 30 kindergartners (selected at random) to two silent, animated films of Aesop's "Fables" were…

The purpose of this paper is to show that: (1) language universals have much to offer to students of contrastive linguistics, and (2) in order to make contrastive analysis more meaningful, one ought to go beyond cataloguing mere contrastive structure statements and capture underlying structural tendencies. Some characteristics of word order in…

This report presents a general study of the structure of Dravidian languages, nothing predominant and significant patterns and similarities among the languages in the areas of phonology, morphology, and syntax. There is also a discussion of the main differences of various subgroups or particular languages from the typical patterns. Background…

The reading instruction experiment described in this report is based on the theory that, if a child learns to talk without formal instruction solely by being exposed to language and if written language is to be considered as an independent system, a child could learn to read at the same age and in the same way as he is learning to talk, solely by…