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Radley, Keith C.; Dart, Evan H.; Schrieber, Stefanie R.; Davis, John L. – Behavioral Disorders, 2021
Classroom observations are frequently conducted with the purpose of comparing the behavior of a target student to that of other peers within the same classroom. A variety of procedures may be utilized by researchers and practitioners to collect such data; however, little is known of the accuracy of estimates of behavior produced by such procedures…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Student Behavior, Peer Groups, Accuracy
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Paul Caldarella; Ross A. A. Larsen; Leslie Williams; Howard P. Wills – Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 2023
Middle school teachers frequently struggle with positively managing student behavior. However, praise-to-reprimand ratios (PRRs) have received little research attention. PRRs studied in elementary school have been positively associated with improvements in on-task and prosocial behavior, but limited research has been conducted on optimal PRRs in…
Descriptors: Teacher Student Relationship, Correlation, Prosocial Behavior, At Risk Students
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Zachary G. Johnson; David Houchins; Kris Varjas; Eli Jimenez; Tracy McKinney – Education and Treatment of Children, 2024
Students with high incidence disabilities in the public school system often perform multiple grade levels below their typically developing peers in mathematics achievement. These students exhibit lower levels of on-task behavior that limits their access to effective instruction, thus requiring instructional interventions that personalize learning,…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Blended Learning, Students with Disabilities, Intervention
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Caldarella, Paul; Larsen, Ross A. A.; Williams, Leslie; Downs, Kade R.; Wills, Howard P.; Wehby, Joseph H. – Educational Psychology, 2020
Although many educators are familiar with a suggested 3:1 or 4:1 praise-to-reprimand ratio (PRR), relatively little research has been conducted on this subject. Three years of data collected across three states in the United States, from 19 elementary schools and 151 classrooms, during a multi-site efficacy trial were used to analyse the effect of…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Learner Engagement, Time on Task, Classroom Techniques
Caldarella, Paul; Larsen, Ross A. A.; Williams, Leslie; Downs, Kade R.; Wills, Howard P.; Wehby, Joseph H. – Grantee Submission, 2020
Though many educators are familiar with a suggested 3:1 or 4:1 praise-to-reprimand ratio (PRR), relatively little research has been conducted on this subject. Three years of data collected across three states in the United States, from 19 elementary schools and 151 classrooms, during a multi-site efficacy trial were used to analyse the effect of…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Learner Engagement, Time on Task, Classroom Techniques
Paul Caldarella; Ross A. A. Larsen; Leslie Williams; Howard P. Wills – Grantee Submission, 2021
Middle school teachers frequently struggle with positively managing student behavior. However, praise-to-reprimands ratios (PRRs) have received little research attention. PRRs studied in elementary school have been associated positively with improvements in on-task and prosocial behavior, but limited research has been conducted on optimal PRRs in…
Descriptors: Teacher Student Relationship, Correlation, Prosocial Behavior, At Risk Students
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Park, Sanghoon – International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2017
This paper reports the findings of a comparative analysis of online learner behavioral interactions, time-on-task, attendance, and performance at different points throughout a semester (beginning, during, and end) based on two online courses: one course offering authentic discussion-based learning activities and the other course offering authentic…
Descriptors: Time on Task, Student Behavior, Performance, Online Courses
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Miramontez, Shane K. H.; Schwartz, Ilene S. – International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 2016
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of adult-directed physical activities conducted during circle time on the on-task behavior of students during a journal-writing activity held immediately after circle. The participants of the study were three male students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who attended a full day inclusive…
Descriptors: Physical Activities, Physical Activity Level, Student Behavior, Time on Task
Furr, Daniel; Williamson, Manda – Pearson, 2019
Revel is an interactive learning environment intended to help students prepare for class by reading a little, then doing a little. Within Revel, there are several different learning products. Each product consists of instructional text interspersed with videos, interactive elements and assessments. Revel for "Psychology," 1st edition by…
Descriptors: Psychology, Undergraduate Students, Teaching Methods, Blended Learning
Lail, Sara-Frances Crow – ProQuest LLC, 2017
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a common neurobehavioral disorder in childhood, negatively impacts academic and social functioning, both of which later influence adulthood (Bose, 2013). This action research study focuses on comparing the prevalence of on-task and off-task behaviors exhibited by elementary age students diagnosed…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 2, Grade 3, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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Raney, Marcella; Henriksen, Adriel; Minton, Jessica; Lynch, Timothy Joseph – Cogent Education, 2017
Background: Acute physical activity breaks lasting 10--60 min have been related to positive effects on student focus and academic performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of repeated brief physical activity-infused academic lessons (1-5 min) on student retention and on-task behavior. Methods: One class from each K-2 grade…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Persistence, Time on Task, Kindergarten
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Bossé, Michael J.; Adu-Gyamfi, Kwaku; Chandler, Kayla – International Journal for Mathematics Teaching and Learning, 2014
Understanding how students translate between mathematical representations is of both practical and theoretical importance. This study examined students' processes in their generation of symbolic and graphic representations of given polynomial functions. The purpose was to investigate how students perform these translations. The result of the study…
Descriptors: Mathematical Concepts, Cognitive Processes, Student Behavior, Mathematics Education
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Rodrigo, Ma. Mercedes T.; Baker, Ryan S. J. D.; Rossi, Lisa – Teachers College Record, 2013
Background: Off-task behavior can be defined as any behavior that does not involve the learning task or material, or where learning from the material is not the primary goal. One suggested path for understanding how to address off-task behavior is to study classrooms where off-task behavior is less common, particularly in Asia, in order to…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Foreign Countries, Time on Task, Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Jiang, Yang; Paquette, Luc; Baker, Ryan S.; Clarke-Midura, Jody – International Educational Data Mining Society, 2015
Inquiry skills are an important part of science education standards. There has been particular interest in verifying that these skills can transfer across domains and instructional contexts [4,15,16]. In this paper, we study transfer of inquiry skills, and the effects of prior practice of inquiry skills, using data from over 2000 middle school…
Descriptors: Performance Based Assessment, Virtual Classrooms, Comparative Analysis, Novices
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Jenkins, Sarah R.; Reed, Florence D. DiGennaro – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2013
The current study experimentally evaluated the effects of therapeutic horseback riding on the behavior of children with autism using a multiple baseline across participants design and a waitlist control group for comparison purposes. Participants were observed weekly in an after-school program during four center-based activities and during…
Descriptors: Therapy, After School Programs, Autism, Recreational Activities
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