A study investigated the processes used by bilinguals for organizing vocabulary by presenting subjects with bilingual word recognition tasks in two modalities (aural and visual) and using a repetition paradigm. Subjects were asked to decide whether a word presented to them was a nonsense word or a real word. Two separate experiments are described.…

A study examined the strategies and processes used by a sample of 33 Argentinean adults with little school experience to solve problems and acquire knowledge at work. A Piagetian methodological approach was used to observe adults in building, rural, and domestic work settings and to analyze empirical data regarding their behavior in task-oriented…

This paper, prepared as a chapter for the "Handbook of Research on Teaching" (third edition), reviews correlational and experimental research linking teacher behavior to student achievement. It focuses on research done in K-12 classrooms during 1973-83, highlighting several large-scale, programmatic efforts. Attention is drawn to design, sampling,…

The value of using inductive and deductive methods in instructing a mathematical principle and foreign language alphabet are tested with sample groups of sixth and eighth grade students in two separate educational experiments. In both cases, the instructional methods used were--(1) instruction in principle before application to examples, (2)…

A naturalistic study looked at the acquisition of English by two Japanese boys, aged 4 and 8 years, during a 2.5-year stay in the United States. Data were collected through observation and transcription of spontaneous speech in daily life. Analysis included a variety of features of language use and of the acquisition process, including attitudes…

The main aim of this study was to determine the opinions of the undergraduate students and faculty members on factors that affect student learning and academic achievement. The sub aims of this study were to: (1) Develop a mean rank ordering of the 23 dimensions affecting learning, for both the students and faculty, and determine the similarities…

A study investigated how a teaching approach that emphasized literature would affect children's writings and help them to apply elements of form and content. Six first grade classes in a rural Newfoundland school district participated in the study; the students performed similarly on overall readiness. The class randomly selected as the…

The whole language approach to reading instruction emphasizes a literature-based program rather than the traditional skills-related approach. The principles and practices of whole language have engendered both educational and political debate for the following reasons: whole language challenges the traditional educational power arrangement, giving…

The research implications of the concepts of working knowledge and work-based learning were examined. A research agenda for work-based learning arising from the analysis of "working knowledge" was presented. The agenda listed questions pertaining to the following areas: (1) the conditions bringing about work-based learning; (2) the…

Describes a study which investigated the impact of implementation strategies on learner behavior and engagement in a university classroom-based World Wide Web learning activity. In particular it examined the influence of a collaborative activity on learner behavior and the role played by a printed guide designed to focus and direct learners'…

Attitudes toward learning in the United Kingdom were examined by studying 2 populations: a sample of 1,043 adults from 130 sampling points throughout England, Scotland, and Wales and a sample of 4,245 school-age pupils in England and Wales. Both samples were representative from the standpoints of age, sex, geographic location, social class, and…

TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT CULTURALLY-BASED WAYS OF LEARNING AND COMMUNICATING MIGHT HAVE IMPLICATIONS FOR TEACHING, AN ANTHROPOLOGIST AND A BEHAVIORIST CONDUCTED BOTH FORMAL AND INFORMAL OBSERVATIONS AND INTERVIEWS IN FOUR JOB CORPS CENTERS AND TWO VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS, ONE WITH A STUDENT POPULATION OF 86 PERCENT WHITE AND 14 PERCENT NEGRO,…

Reduced training costs, worldwide accessibility, and improved technological capabilities have made Web-based training (WBT) a viable alternative to classroom instruction. WBT enables businesses to cut their training costs. Efficiency of operation is another major advantage of WBT. The flexibility of time, place, and programs offered via WBT…

This document contains three papers from a symposium on individual learning issues that was conducted as part of a conference on human resource development (HRD). "Communication in the Workplace: Using Myers-Briggs To Build Communication Effectiveness" (Patrice M. Scanlon, Judy K. Schmitz, Tracey Murray, Lisa M. Hooper) reports on a…

A study (n=121 students) evaluated the effect of a radically redesigned Harvard University (Massachusetts) medical school preclinical curriculum. Results indicated that students in the new curriculum learned differently; acquired distinctive knowledge, skills, and attitudes; and underwent a more satisfying and challenging preclinical experience…