Research supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grant MH-113212-02.

In the present study, we used a probe-detection task to compare attentional allocation to the eyes versus mouth regions of the face in high-functioning boys with autism relative to normal control boys matched for chronological age and IQs. We found that with upright faces, children from both groups attended more to the eyes region than to the…

Children with developmental disabilities are slower to develop skills at intentional and symbolic communication than typically developing children, and may rely on atypical patterns of preintentional behaviors to support more complex communication development. The present study compared complex gaze engagement behaviors elicited by 25…

Objective: The authors examined perceived norms and drinking among college students who attended high schools in rural and urban communities. Participants and Methods: Undergraduates (99 men and 85 women) who attended high schools in communities with populations ranging from less than 100 to more than 400,000 completed surveys assessing perceived…

Analysis of a survey of senior high school students revealed significant differences between males and females, and between athletes and non-athletes in their attitudes and behaviors toward alcohol and drinking behavior. (MJB)

Age changes in categorization and conceptual styles were studied using an object-sorting task in 276 subjects representing seven age groups. Significant age effects were found in the analysis of variance for four of six measures; there were no significant sex or interaction effects. (Author)

The results showed predictable male and female differences and differences between the sexual behavior of the Norwegian sample and American samples tested by other investigators. The study lent some support to an appetitional theory of sexual motivation. (Author)

Compares M. E. P. Seligman's recent work on learned helplessness with N. R. F. Maier's 30-year-old work on frustration behavior. Notes striking similarities between the two approaches. Concludes that the learned helplessness model might explain the "abnormal fixations" that Maier reported. (Author/RL)

A 31-item questionnaire was given to 199 students, 20 of whom were found to have histories of previous suicide attempts. Results support the necessity of a distinction between groups within a nonsuicidal comparison population and that a quantitative relationship between frequency of suicidal thought and likelihood of attempted suicide exists.…

The major variables known to affect divorce patterns in society are war, economic fluctuations, and legislative changes. This study suggests that at least one of these--legislative changes--also affects divorce filing patterns. (Author)

Assessed behavior-state matching and synchrony in interactions in 48 depressed and nondepressed mother-infant dyads when infants were 3 months old. Depressed mothers and their infants matched negative behavior states more often and positive behavior states less often than did nondepressed dyads. (RH)

This paper derives from a study of sexual practices and drug use of clients of the Haight-Ashbury Free Medical Clinics in San Francisco, California. A separate paper described how "junkie" and "nonjunkie" portions of this sample differed. The present paper attempts a similar analysis of "straight" and "gay"…

Marriage is the traditionally approved means of organizing one's sex life. However, many persons maintain an agreeable sex life in other ways. This paper will examine marriage and its contemporary alternatives on the basis of data derived from a youthful, drug-using population. (Author)

Quantifies behavioral periodicities or cycles during face-to-face interaction between three- and five-month-old term and preterm infants and their mothers. Compares the temporal organization of social interaction between term and preterm infants. Spectral and cross-spectral techniques showed the existence of periodicities. Differences were found…