This study examined the comparability and predictive validity of three approaches to measurement of child or adolescent maltreatment, involving the adolescents themselves (n=160), case file review by researchers, and protection agency social workers. Comparison of ratings across sources indicated considerable disagreement with respect to judgments…

Three standardized measures of short-term memory (STM) were compared to determine their relative efficacy in predicting reading achievement for 36 primary-grade students over a two-year period. A letter sequences test was found to be the most frequently associated with reading performance. A memory-for-sentences task also showed a significant…

Body composition measurements vary greatly in degree of measurement difficulty and accuracy. Hydrostatic weighing, chemical dilution or their equivalents were the accepted "gold" standards for assessing fat mass. Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) is fast replacing these techniques as the preferred standard. However, these direct measurement…

Background: Among mainstream offenders, the severe personality disorder of psychopathy has considerable importance as a construct. The disorder has long been associated with failure to make treatment progress. Previous work has identified that psychopathy as a disorder occurs in samples of offenders with intellectual disability (ID), and suggests…

In the last 15 years or so, language testing practitioners have increasingly favored assessing vocabulary in context. The discrete-point vocabulary measure used in the old version of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) has long been criticized for encouraging test candidates to memorize wordlists out of context although test items…

This article compared the concurrent predictive accuracy of the (SVIB) for the same subjects on three sets of scales, the SVIB-Holland scales, the Basic Interest scales, and the Occupational scales. (Author)

SAT I: Reasoning Test scores, combined with high school grades, result in more accurate predictions of college success than either measure alone or any other combination of two measures. Overall, there is a strong positive relationship between high school grades and SAT. In 1990, ETS conducted a study of the characteristics of different students…

Results of two certification examinations were analyzed for the cohorts of physicians who had taken in-training examinations as first, second, and third year residents. Multiple regression analysis showed that the composite score and all but one part-score were independently predictive of performance on the certification examination. (Author/MLW)

A study assessed the predictive validity of two substantially different instruments (a questionnaire or a philosophy statement) which may be used to predict critics' ballot behavior in Cross Examination Debate Association (CEDA) debate. Questionnaires were distributed to 29 debate tournaments across the United States for completion by critics…

The predictive validity and factor structure of the ABC Inventory were analyzed by comparing scores obtained by preschoolers on this test with scores on the Metropolitan Reading Test. The correlational and factor analyses results reveal significant empirical and conceptual relationships between the two tests. (Author/PC)

Discusses the external, inductive, and deductive approaches to personality scale construction, and argues that none is consistently superior in terms of validity or predictive effectiveness. Also argues that since deductive scales normally communicate information more directly and are more economical to build and administer, they should be used…

Predictions using linear programing are less biased by extreme cases and thus offer a more valid estimate of expected student performance than that given by a least squares approach. (Authors/MB)

Study to determine the criterion-related RAM scale relative to a criterion of GPA. (Author/MB)

Results offer empirical support to Ilg and Ames's claim that the Gesell battery is an excellent predictor of school readiness. The close similarity of the Piaget and Gesell tests accords well with previous findings that the two tests have much in common. (Authors/MB)