This paper discusses grounded theory as one of the qualitative research designs. It describes how grounded theory generates from data. Three phases of grounded theory--open coding, axial coding, and selective coding--are discussed, along with some of the issues which are the source of debate among grounded theorists, especially between its…

Forensic versus traditional accounting and auditing are compared and contrasted. Evidence gathering is detailed. Forensic science and fraud symptoms are explained. Criminalists, expert testimony and corporate governance are presented.

Achievement, engagement, and students' quality of experience were compared by racial and ethnic group in a sample of students (N = 586) drawn from 13 high schools with diverse ethnic and socioeconomic student populations. Using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM), 3,529 samples of classroom experiences were analyzed along with self-reported…

Procedures developed by Joreskog for studying similarities and differences in factor structures between different groups were applied to data from a study by Thurstoen to investigate the sampling stability of a hypothesized isolated configuration. The hypothesis of an isolated configuration was rejected but not by much. (Author/RC)

Two-stage sampling procedures for comparing two population means when variances are heterogeneous have been developed by D. G. Chapman (1950) and B. K. Ghosh (1975). Both procedures assume sampling from populations that are normally distributed. The present study reports on the effect that sampling from non-normal distributions has on Type I error…

The procedures involve a planned data gathering strategy consisting of at least two different groups, each receiving two different test batteries. A combination of Tucker's interbattery technique and congruence measures was the recommended strategy. Limitations of the concept of factor invariance are briefly discussed. (Author/BJG)

The advantages of Goodman's Gamma, a measure of association, are discussed in reference to the Pearson coefficient of contingency. Both theoretical and practical advantages and disadvantages are discussed. An empirical comparison of the two measures shows that gamma detects significant relationships which chi square does not, and that gamma is…

Investigated empirically through post mortem item-examinee sampling were the relative merits of two alternative procedures for allocating items to subtests in multiple matrix sampling and the feasibility of using the jackknife in approximating standard errors of estimate. The results indicate clearly that a partially balanced incomplete block…

A reliable description of the person who writes media letters to newspapers and broadcast stations can be compiled from a combination of telephone and mail data less expensively than attempting to locate these letter writers through a random sample. (Author/JEG)

Middle school students' experiences at after-school programs were compared as they participated in different types of activities and with different social partners. The students (N = 165) attended eight programs in three Midwestern states. A total of 1,596 experiences were randomly sampled using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) during 1 week…

This paper addresses the sample invariant properties of four equating methods (Tucker and Levine linear equating, equipercentile equating through an anchor test, and three-parameter item response theory equating). Data from several national administrations of the Scholastic Aptitude Test served as the source of data for the study. Equating results…

When survey data are statistically analyzed, many times some of the data is missing. If the missing values are not correctly handled, results of the analysis may be dubious and publication may jeopardize the credibility of the organization preparing the report. This study examined four of the more commonly used methods of handling missing data.…

Six in-general samples have been generated to fit different developments of the SVIB, Twenty experimental homogeneous scales were used to measure the similarities and differences among the six in-general samples. Generally, all samples were strikingly similar with the greatest differences appearing between male and female in-general samples.…

Four different extensions to McNemar's problem concerning the hypothesis of equal probabilities for the unlike pairs of correlated binary variables are considered, each for testing simultaneous equality of proportions of unlike pairs in c independent populations of correlated binary variables, but each under different assumptions and/or additional…