Early intervention approaches for facilitating motor development in infants and children with Down syndrome have traditionally emphasised the acquisition of motor milestones. As increasing evidence suggests that motor milestones have limited predictive power for long-term motor outcomes, researchers have shifted their focus to understanding the…

This follow-up study compares cognitive and language aspects of a group of Italian children ages 4-6 years, who had shown delayed expressive language abilities at 24 months of age (late talkers), with those of a group of children with a history of normal expressive language development (average talkers). Children were given a battery of…

The present work investigated cognitive, linguistic and narrative abilities in a group of children suffering from Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, an allelic X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding dystrophin. The patients showed mildly reduced IQ with lower Verbal than Performance Intelligence Quotient and were mildly…

INTERACTION BETWEEN VISION AND HEARING WERE STUDIED IN 35 SPEECH HANDICAPPED FIRST-GRADE CHILDREN. THE ABILITY TO SHIFT ATTENTION FROM ONE SENSORY MODALITY TO ANOTHER WAS LABELED AS "PERCEPTUAL SHIFTING." A DEVICE DEVELOPED BY EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGISTS PRESENTED VARIOUS STIMULI TO EACH SUBJECT AND RECORDED THE SUBJECT'S REACTION TIME.…

British and Zambian children were compared on their abilities to reproduce patterns, from tactile and visual presentations, by modeling, drawing, and gesturing. Age, sex, and intelligence variables were analyzed. Results suggested that cross-cultural differences in these tasks reflect differences in specific perceptual skills rather than broad…

The legitimacy of using the criterion of low reading achievement in the study of learning and memory skills with learning disabled children was assessed, based on a comparison of 35 nondisabled students, 15 low readers, and 10 learning disabled high school students. Learning disabilities were defined as encompassing perceptual and/or processing…

THE ENVIRONMENT OF CHILDREN FROM LOW SOCIO-ECONOMIC LEVELS MILITATES STRONGLY AGAINST THEIR SUCCESS IN SCHOOL. TO HELP THWART OR REVERSE THE DEFICIENCES OF DISADVANTAGED YOUTH, THE PRESCHOOL ENRICHMENT PROGRAM WAS CREATED. THIS DOCUMENT IS AN EVALUATION OF A 1965 SUMMER HEADSTART PROGRAM FOR 4- AND 5-YEAR-OLDS IN KEARNEY, NEBRASKA. TESTS WERE…

The performance of instructor pilots and student pilots was compared in two visual scanning tasks. In the first task both groups were shown slides of T-37 instrument displays in which errors were to be detected. Instructor pilots detected errors faster and with greater accuracy than student pilots, thus providing evidence for the validity of the…

The aim of the CYCLOPS Project research is the development of techniques for allowing computers to perform visual scene analysis, pre-processing of visual imagery, and perceptual learning. Work on scene analysis and learning has previously been described. The present report deals with research on pre-processing and with further work on scene…

This document reports on a study of how the eye and the hand become functionally coordinated during growth. A specific question researched is "How do children use their hands as perceptual tools for exploring objects in order to acquire information about them?" It was assumed that a pre-school child would have evolved a form of eye-hand…

Reports on a study that investigated the span of letter recognition (the region of text from which letter information is used during a fixation) for good and poor fifth-grade readers during a reading task. (HOD)

Evaluation of 54 mentally retarded pupils, aged 10 to 13, in 1979 and comparison with six samples of mentally normal pupils collected during the last two decades confirm that prevalence of additional problems among mentally retarded pupils is greater as compared to mentally normal pupils with respect to nine variables. (NEC)

Discussion of how we perceive meaning from graphics highlights a computer simulation model, UCIE (Understanding Cognitive Information Engineering), that simulates graphical perception. An empirical study is described that compared actual performance to UCIE predictions related to the amount of time required to answer a question in various…

Compares speech-related (coverbal) gestures in brain-damaged patients (aphasics and visuo-spatial deficits) and in matched controls. Results suggest ideational gestures probably facilitate word retrieval and reflect transfer of information between propositional and non-propositional representations during message construction, and that conceptual…