The Mantel-Haenszel procedure (N. Mantel and W. Haenszel, 1959) and its extension to constructed response items, the Generalized Mantel Haenszel (A. Agresti, 1990), compare performance of subgroups across different score groups to determine differential item functioning (DIF). At each level of comparison, or score group, the subgroups are…

Current omnibus procedures for the analysis of interaction effects in repeated measures designs which contain a grouping variable are known to be nonrobust to violations of multisample sphericity, particularly when group sizes are unequal. An alternative approach is to formulate a comprehensive set of contrasts on the data which probe the specific…

This study investigated and compared the properties of five methods of item exposure control within the purview of estimating examinees' abilities in a computerized adaptive testing (CAT) context. Each of the exposure control algorithms was incorporated into the item selection procedure and the adaptive testing progressed based on the CAT design…

A simulation experiment demonstrated that the perceptual sensitivity of Swedish and Danish students at upper secondary school level varies systematically concerning the basic conditions for "personal growth." An attempt is made to constrain this concept contextually, in such a way that it can be described behaviorally. It is made evident…

The functioning of two population-based Mantel-Haenszel (MH) common-odds ratios was compared. One ratio is conditioned on the observed test score, while the other is conditioned on a latent trait or true ability score. When the comparison group distributions are incongruent or nonoverlapping to some degree, the observed score represents different…

The difference between compensatory and non-compensatory item response theory (IRT) models in terms of the dimensionality of test data generated by them, and its effect on the model-data-fit were examined. The STRESS (proportion of variance not accounted for by the multidimensional scaling model) and RSQ (proportion of variance accounted for by…

Three methods of factor analyzing dichotomously scored item performance data were compared using two raw score data sets of 20-item tests, one reflecting normally distributed latent traits and the other reflecting uniformly distributed latent traits. This comparison was accomplished by using phi and tetrachoric correlations among dichotomous data…

Predictors of novice learning in simulation environments were investigated in the domain of statistics. The first objective was to clarify the relation between intellectual ability and working method (e.g., orientation and systematical orderliness), and to determine the effects on learning of working method, independently of intellectual ability.…

The relationship of educational preparation to the problem- solving performance of 55 hospital employed baccalaureate and associate degree nurses working in Wyoming hospitals was studied. Participant data were collected that might correlate with problem-solving ability: age, years of experience in nursing, years of work experience in a…

Studies on typing done at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) are reviewed. The first of five chapters is a glossary of terms and classification of typing errors. Chapter 2 provides an overview of the variety of research approaches used to examine typing, including studies of continuous (transcription) and discontinuous (discrete…

Naive nonorganic subjects of at least normal intelligence can not simulate brain damage of the type produced by an external blow to the head on the Bender Gestalt test. (Author/DEP)

THE STUDY ATTEMPTED TO DETERMINE (1) WHETHER THE DRIVING SKILLS, ATTITUDES, AND KNOWLEDGE OF STUDENTS TAUGHT BY A MOVIE-SIMULATOR CENTERED COURSE DIFFERED SIGNIFICANTLY FROM THOSE OF STUDENTS TAUGHT BY DUAL-CONTROL CAR CENTERED COURSE SUPPLEMENTED BY THE SIMULATOR FILMS WITHOUT THE USE OF THE SIMULATOR AND (2) WHETHER INSTRUCTIONAL TIME IN THE…

Several advantages to the use of factor scores as independent variables in a multiple regression equation were found. To help select the most desirable type of factor score on which to calculate a regression equation, computer-based Monte Carlo methods were used to compare the predictive accuracy upon replication of regression of five…

A conventional test and two forms of a stradaptive test were administered to thousands of simulated subjects by minicomputer. Characteristics of the three tests using several scoring techniques were investigated while varying the discriminating power of the items, the lengths of the tests, and the availability of prior information about the…

Score comparability is important to those who take tests and those who use them. One important concept related to test score comparability is that of "equity," which is defined as existing when examinees are indifferent as to which of two alternate forms of a test they would prefer to take. By their nature, computerized adaptive tests…