Basic skills lists, prepared by departments of education from five states within the United States, are examined in order to identify and define universal basic skills needed by teachers to instruct their pupils more effectively. Examination of these lists reveals that, although no single common definition of basic skills exists among the lists,…

AN EXPERIMENT TO COMPARE SPACED NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT, MASSED NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT, AND POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT IN AUTOMATED TEACHING IS DESCRIBED. THREE GROUPS OF COLLEGE FRESHMEN WERE USED IN THE STUDY. EACH GROUP WAS GIVEN INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL CONTAINING AMBIGUOUS IMFORMATION INTERSPERSED AMONG MEANINGFUL INFORMATION. ONE GROUP RECEIVED A…

RESEARCH ON THE TEACHING OF VOCABULARY WAS COLLECTED, AND THE VALIDITY OF SUCH INFORMATION WAS EXAMINED TO IDENTIFY SUCCESSFUL APPLICATIONS OF THE TEACHING OF VOCABULARY IN SCHOOLS. SOURCES BEARING ON THE SUBJECT OF THIS STUDY WERE INVESTIGATED IN DETAIL. THE INITIAL SURVEYING AND REPORT READING LED TO THE SECURING OF 80 STUDIES THAT WERE…

BASAL READING (BR) AND INDIVIDUALIZED READING (IR) METHODS OF TEACHING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN TO READ WERE COMPARED TO DETERMINE THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO SKILL IN CREATIVITY AND PROBLEM-SOLVING. TEACHERS (N 29) WERE SELECTED TO PARTICIPATE IN THE STUDY. FIFTEEN TEACHERS WERE DIVIDED INTO A RANDOMLY ASSIGNED (RA) GROUP AND A TEACHER PREFERENCE…

HIGH SCHOOL TYPISTS AT FOUR STAGES OF TRAINING PARTICIPATED IN AN INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIVE EFFECTS OF EXTERNALLY-PACED VERSUS SELF-PACED PRACTICE ON SPEED AND ACCURACY IN ORDINARY TYPEWRITER COPY WORK. TWO TEACHERS IN EACH OF FOUR SCHOOLS TAUGHT BOTH AN EXTERNALLY-PACED AND A SELF-PACED CLASS TO A TOTAL OF 120 STUDENTS PER TREATMENT IN 16…

This book investigates the problems and possibilities in the translation of literature, especially poetry. The investigation is based on a comparison between Catullus' sixty-fourth poem and English translations of it published between 1870 and 1970. Several strategies for translating are analyzed, and their comparative merits and faults are…

Through Monte Carlo procedures, three different techniques for estimating the parameter theta (proportion of the "shocks" remaining in the system) in the Integrated Moving Average (0,1,1) time-series model are compared in terms of (1) the accuracy of the estimates, (2) the independence of the estimates from the true value of theta, and…

This study compared two contrasting preservice teacher training programs, analyzing the terminal objectives, the objectives prerequisite for accomplishing the terminal objectives, and strategies used to accomplish prerequisite and terminal objectives. The analysis was designed to clarify similarities and differences between the training programs,…

Two modes of evaluation are compared: the summary evaluation by supervisors performed at six-month intervals, and the technique of direct observation of a clinical encounter through one-way glass. The sample consists of 17 residents in pediatrics who were evaluated, using both methods, over an eight-month interval. The analysis of data indicates…

An experimental program was conducted to develop effective methods for producing and utilizing filmed demonstrations and instructional manuals. Four variations on conventional filmed demonstrations were evaluated: 1) revising an Army film through repeated tryouts with novices, 2) stopping the projector after each step is demonstrated to allow…

Fourteen high school students, chosen at random from a group of 28, spent 5 hours participating in a business simulation, after which all 28 students took tests designed to measure their knowledge of business facts and concepts and their ability to evaluate business decisions. The simulation group outperformed the control group on both tests, but…

Four questions concerning the relationship between results of cloze test scores and individual reading ability are investigated: (1) Is there a relationship between the cloze results and individual reading ability? (2) Should cloze tests be written at mean grade level? (3) Which provides higher correlations--giving credit for exact responses only…

An experiment was conducted to find a better method of marking English composition than that which is in general use. The method tested was one in which each composition was assessed independently by three markers who judged the general impression of the writing, and by a fourth marker who applied a code of penalties for mechanical errors. Brief…

The notion of comparing in curriculum evaluation is discussed, and some approaches to making comparative judgments about program effectiveness during the formative and summative evaluation stages are examined. Sources of information provided by external and internal program comparisons are described, and a model in which a policy capturing…

Proceedings of the Conference on Environmental Impact Analysis held in Green Bay, Wisconsin, January 4-5, 1972, are compiled in this report. The conference served as a forum for exchange of information among State and Federal agencies and educators on experiences with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1970. Hopefully, results of the…