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Campbell, David – American Journal of Evaluation, 2011
In evaluating local policy implementation, workaround stories--accounts of deliberate efforts to evade, subvert, or even break rules or procedures in order to get the job done--are valuable evaluative indicators. By "backward mapping" (Elmore, 1979) from frequently mentioned workarounds, we can identify flawed elements of policy- or…
Descriptors: Policy, Evaluation, Ethics, Compliance (Psychology)