African American emerging adults (age 18-29 years) tend to have poor asthma outcomes, possibly due to poor adherence to medication. Few studies have explored barriers to controller adherence in this population. This study utilized electronic daily diaries to assess barriers to adherence and asthma symptoms among 141 African American emerging…

Underrepresentation of historically marginalized populations in clinical trials continues to threaten the validity of health intervention research. Evidence supports the merits of intercept and other proactive forms of recruitment for achieving more equitable representation. However, researchers also report lower retention and adherence to…

Control of the COVID-19 pandemic requires significant changes in people's health behaviors. We offer this multidisciplinary perspective on the extent of compliance with social distancing recommendations and on coping with these measures around the globe in the first months of the pandemic. We present descriptive data from our survey of 17,650…

Drug misuse among people living with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is associated with higher mortality. It is a frequently observed reason for treatment abandonment, with people who misuse drugs showing a 10 to 25 times higher risk of HIV than the general population. The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the…

Background: To examine the relationship between incarceration history and an individual's compliance toward COVID-19 mitigation strategies and vaccination status/intentions. Method: Data are from the "Crime, Health, and Politics Survey" (N = 1,735), a national probability sample of community-dwelling adults aged 18 and above living in…

Background. Long-term continuous adherence to biennial screening mammograms as guidelines recommend remains low. Limited evidence suggests that reminder calls may increase short-term adherence as much as telephone counseling, but research is needed comparing the long-term effects of these two approaches. Purpose. To compare the impacts of two…

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) impact a substantial proportion of patients with diabetes, with high recurrence rates, severe complications, and significant financial burden to health care systems. Adherence to treatment advice (e.g., limiting weight-bearing activity) is low with patients reporting dissatisfaction with the way in which advice is…

Objectives: Health education may improve health in geriatric patients. To evaluate differences between remote and in-person education, the DREAMS ("'D'eveloping a 'R'esearch Participation 'E'nhancement and 'A'dvocacy Training Progra'm' for Diverse 'S'eniors") health seminar series compared in-person and remote learning groups to assess…

Patients report that adhering to diet is the most challenging aspect of diabetes management. Provision of diet education is often delegated to health care providers, despite a lack of nutrition education and training and limited awareness of environmental and cultural challenges faced by patients. Aim: We examined perceived barriers to diet…

Background: Medication adherence is negatively related to both diabetes distress (DD) and depressive symptoms (DS). Past research suggests gender differences in adherence, DD, and DS. A gap exists in determining if gender differences in adherence are mediated by DD and DS, or if gender moderates differences in adherence by DD/DS. Aims: This study…

Health literacy is an amenable factor that can improve screening uptake. However, associations between the multidimensional health literacy domains and cervical cancer screening nonadherence are not known and should be considered to improve screening rates. The current quantitative study assessed the associations of multiple health literacy…

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death among women in Puerto Rico (PR). The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with never screened status among a sample of women nonadherent to the 2013 American Cancer Society guidelines. The inclusion criteria for this study were…

Epidemiological evidence of the protective role of fruits and vegetables for a host of chronic health conditions is well-documented. However, there is a dearth of studies examining predictors of fruit and vegetable intake among African American men living with HIV. We report secondary analyses--multiple regression and logistic regression models…

Background: To encourage people to lead healthier lifestyles, governments in many countries publish guidelines for alcohol intake, physical activity (PA), and fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. However, there is a need for better understanding of whether people understand such guidelines, consider them useful, and adhere to them. University students…

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, diabetes affects 29.1 million people in the United States. Marriage has been suggested to have a protective effect on overall health outcomes, but few studies have evaluated the role of partnership status on patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to assess this role of…