Vocabulary is an indispensable part of language and it is of vital importance for second language learners. Wilkins (1972) points out: "without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed." Vocabulary teaching has experienced several stages characterized by grammatical-translation method, audio-lingual…

Some regularities are noted in the beginnings of texts: anaphora, proper names, and deictics in particular. (FL)

This paper uses the Russian language to show that polysemantic words are one of the means of linguistic synonymy and can be used in synonymy and can be used in synonymous and quasisynonymous transformations of sentences. (CK)

Formal semantic analysis appears to be capable of handling certain cases where kin terms appear to cover an illogical assortment of relatives, an assortment which constitutes a disjunctive class. Two examples are the kin terms "ngaraija" and "tjilja," used by the Njamal, an Australian tribe. (CFM)

The ordering of bound Dakota person affixes is discussed. Data are introduced showing that the ordering is patient before agent. Schwarz suggests that the ordering refers strictly to person. An overview of the Dakota verb system and related points are also discussed. (PMJ)

Raises questions regarding the conclusions reached in the previous article. (JB)

This paper reports three experiments that test the Presupposition-Denial account of complement set reference. According to the theory, complement set focus arises when focus is on the difference between the amount conveyed by a natural language quantifier and a large presupposed amount. We call this difference the shortfall. In this paper, what is…

Different theories of semantic fields are discussed and different types of semantic fields explained. (RM)

This paper shows that the proposition, our universal thought process, underlies its linguistic realization, the sentence of a specific language, and provides the theoretical basis for interlingual translation as well as intralingual paraphrase. (An example of componential analysis is shown for some Korean sibling terms.) (Author/AMM)

Since Berlin and Kay's proposal in 1969 of two universals concerning the meanings of basic color words, three kinds of information have become available to help in understanding the encoding sequence, that is, the temporal order in which the basic color categories are accorded lexical status. McDaniel (1972, 1974, forthcoming) demonstrates that…

An analysis of the task, on the semantic level, facing the translator of a literary text, illustrated by a verse from the Bible. The process of capturing meaning through the study of sources and methods of dealing with ambiguities are discussed. A selected reference list is attached. (AMH)

Discussion of "Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics" by John Lyons. (DD)

Discusses various theoretical approaches to the semantic analysis of lexical units, focusing on the componential or axiological approach which defines a unit's semantic "value" as the combination of certain distinctive features. Concludes that this approach, so far, has not offered much practical assistance to translators faced with…

A system of quantitative techniques for describing the English language from a number of perspectives, intended for the language analyst, is presented. The grammar combines an emerging knowledge of semantics with existing detailed knowledge of syntax. The primary unit of analysis is the predication, a group of related concepts expressed as a…