In this article, we provide a framework for analyzing and interpreting sources that inform a literature review or, as it is more aptly called, a research synthesis. Specifically, using Leech and Onwuegbuzie's (2007, 2008) frameworks, we delineate how the following four major source types inform research syntheses: talk, observations,…

The purposes of this paper are to outline seven types of qualitative data analysis techniques, to present step-by-step guidance for conducting these analyses via a computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software program (i.e., NVivo9), and to present screenshots of the data analysis process. Specifically, the following seven analyses are…

In this article I draw on an ethnographic case study that examined mas' makers' perceptions of the learning/teaching practices at work in the production of costumes for Trinidad and Tobago's annual Carnival celebrations. During the 2005 Carnival season I spent four months in the field, my country of birth, and collected data through participant…

Many scholars have proposed concepts relevant to spatial reference. Herskovits (1982) proposed that the topological concepts support, contiguity and containment are basic in English, while Levinson et al.'s (2003) examination of nine unrelated languages revealed that the concept attachment is primary. Neither of these proposals is confirmed in…

One of the most important steps in the qualitative research process is analysis of data. The purpose of this article is to provide elements for understanding multiple types of qualitative data analysis techniques available and the importance of utilizing more than one type of analysis, thus utilizing data analysis triangulation, in order to…

Qualitative researchers in school psychology have a multitude of analyses available for data. The purpose of this article is to present several of the most common methods for analyzing qualitative data. Specifically, the authors describe the following 18 qualitative analysis techniques: method of constant comparison analysis, keywords-in-context,…

This paper presents the detailed propositional analyses of the text employed in a study that compared the contents of recall protocols of high knowledge (HK) and low knowledge (LK) groups. The paper also includes the propositional analyses of the recall protocols of the HK and LK individuals, as well as detailed analyses of the results. (Author/FL)

Paper read at the summer meeting of the Linguistic Society of America at the State University of New York at Buffalo, July 30, 1971. (RS)

The importance of validity and reliability in the componential analysis of human intelligence is discussed. The roles of construct, internal, external, convergent, discriminant, and ecological validity in componential analysis are outlined. Within-replication (internal-consistency) and between-replication (alternate-forms or test-retest)…

Although there seems to be widespread agreement that new approaches to studying intelligence should combine the differential and cognitive (information processing) approaches in isolating components of intelligence, researchers disagree about how the approaches should be combined and, consequently, about how elementary components of intelligence…

This paper describes a program of research in the application of scalogram analysis to the validation of learning hierarchies, together with the development of an alternative method for assessing hierarchical relationships among tests of instructional objectives. The relationship between scalability of tests and positive transfer between…

A presentation of a rigorous method allowing an accurate description of collective bilingualism in any given population, including both the speaker's degree of language command and the patterns of linguistic behavior in each of the languages. [In Spanish] (NQ)

Concerns arise about two of the most widely used measurements in writing research because of faulty logic in the construction of the Writing Apprehension Test and the possibility of incomplete analytic procedures using T-unit analyses. Two experiments were conducted to address these concerns. Results are discussed. (Author/MT)

An information-processing analysis of intelligence proposed by Eysenck and Furneaux was examined in an experimental study of semantic categorization and free recall by 11-year-old children of varying intelligence. Results, and implications of the results, are discussed. (Author/KC)

Discusses the validity of studies of Spanish pronunciation in terms of research methods employed. Topics include data collection in the laboratory vs. in a natural setting; recorded vs. non-recorded data; quality of the recording; aural analysis vs. spectrographic analysis; and transcriber reliability. Suggestions for improving data collection are…