Two approaches to comprehension are described which attempt to probe the students' real understanding of a prepared passage. In the first method, multiple choice questions were asked based on a 400-word passage; in the second method, a variant of the first, questions are separated into comprehension and phrase vocabulary. (SCC)

Based on a study of 50 children between the ages of 3;0 and 5;6, the reasons for the differential difficulty of various forms of "who,""why,""when," and "how" questions are postulated. (EJS)

Consistent learning gains are associated with the use of pictures when experiments adhere to five ground rules: (1) prose passages are presented orally; (2) the subjects are children; (3) the passages are fictional narratives; (4) the pictures overlap the story content; and (5) learning is demonstrated by factual recall. (Author)

In this experiment, children were given three words (a triplet made up of two nouns and one verb) and were asked to produce an utterance with them. The results were analyzed in terms of word order chosen and age of child. (NCR)

Describes the development at Jefferson Community College of a method for identifying students with insufficient cognitive skills for success in nonmajor biology courses, and for improving these skills in remedial programs which have no relation to course material. (TP)

In a study, Tagalog-speaking children, 3-, 5-, and 7-year olds, demonstrated better mastery of patient-focus (passive) than agent-focus (active) sentence structure. These results were attributed to the children's strategy of interpreting the first noun of a sentence to be the agent of the action. (SW)

Children in grades 1-3 were asked to retell and explain a series of riddles. Ability to recall riddles was not predictive of ability to explain them. Three cognitive factors seemed to determine level of riddle competence. Implications concern the relationship of riddle competence to reading ability and metalinguistic facility. (CHK)

Described are four techniques for improving student reading skills, particularly comprehension and vocabulary expansion, in ethnic studies classes. The techniques involve the use of oral research reports, diagrams, cartoons, and multisensory demonstrations. (Author/DB)

Develops a three sequence program through which elementary-grade children can follow the "picture to paragraph" structure to mastery of comprehension skills ranging from simple details to construction of a report in a content area. (MD)

The rule assessment approach was used to examine five-, eight-, eleven-, and twenty-year-olds' concepts of time, speed, and distance. (CM)

Current reading theory suggests that oral language skills and reading skills interact with and implement each other. Three guidelines are helpful in shaping the development of proficient readers. (1) From kindergarten on, each year should be spent moving from oral language to print. Furthermore, the move within oral language should be from…

TO ORGANIZE A NEW CURRICULUM FOR THE STUDY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES A 1-YEAR PROGRAM WAS INSTITUTED TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF AN INTEGRATED HISTORICAL-GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH. GROUPS AT THE FOURTH-, SIXTH-, AND EIGHTH-GRADE LEVELS WERE USED. THE OBJECTIVE DATA WERE GATHERED FROM THE IOWA WORK STUDY SKILLS AND THE SEQUENTIAL TESTS OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS,…