Everyday, people face situations that call for adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing, and at least half of the time, these calculations are accomplished without the use of pen, paper, or calculators. Because figuring "in your head" is such an important life skill, it should have a regular role in classroom math teaching. This article…

Describes an elementary arithmetic project that involves reading, writing, and counting skills. Students collaboratively create a tooth-shaped book designed to strengthen their counting skills as they celebrate losing baby teeth. The article also includes other activities to further extend the project. (SM)

Presents a plan that includes daily drills, games, and take-home papers to help fourth-graders memorize the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division tables. (SJL)

Students who can compute mathematical problems in their heads have learned a skill that is important for estimating and for understanding the number system. Practice activities that can help students master mental computation skills are described. (PP)