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Shteingart, Hanan; Neiman, Tal; Loewenstein, Yonatan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2013
We quantified the effect of first experience on behavior in operant learning and studied its underlying computational principles. To that goal, we analyzed more than 200,000 choices in a repeated-choice experiment. We found that the outcome of the first experience has a substantial and lasting effect on participants' subsequent behavior, which we…
Descriptors: Operant Conditioning, Behavior, Models, Reinforcement
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Nilsson, Hakan; Winman, Anders; Juslin, Peter; Hansson, Goran – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2009
This article explores the configural weighted average (CWA) hypothesis suggesting that extension biases, like conjunction and disjunction errors, occur because people estimate compound probabilities by taking a CWA of the constituent probabilities. The hypothesis suggests a process consistent with well-known cognitive constraints, which…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Prediction, Probability, Bias
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Hsee, Christopher K.; Rottenstreich, Yuval – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2004
This research investigated the relationship between the magnitude or scope of a stimulus and its subjective value by contrasting 2 psychological processes that may be used to construct preferences: valuation by feeling and valuation by calculation. The results show that when people rely on feeling, they are sensitive to the presence or absence of…
Descriptors: Probability, Computation, Stimuli, Cognitive Psychology