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Lee, Yi-Hsuan; Zhang, Jinming – International Journal of Testing, 2017
Simulations were conducted to examine the effect of differential item functioning (DIF) on measurement consequences such as total scores, item response theory (IRT) ability estimates, and test reliability in terms of the ratio of true-score variance to observed-score variance and the standard error of estimation for the IRT ability parameter. The…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Test Reliability, Performance, Scores