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Bridgeman, Brent; Cline, Frederick; Levin, Jutta – ETS Research Report Series, 2008
In order to estimate the likely effects on item difficulty when a calculator becomes available on the quantitative section of the Graduate Record Examinations® (GRE®-Q), 168 items (in six 28-item forms) were administered either with or without access to an on-screen four-function calculator. The forms were administered as a special research…
Descriptors: College Entrance Examinations, Graduate Study, Calculators, Test Items

Christmann, Edwin P.; Badgett, John L. – Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 1997
A study compared the effects of microcomputer-based software and hand-held calculators on the statistics achievement of 50 graduate students. Results showed no significant difference between computer and calculator groups or between genders but did show an interaction effect. Males using microcomputers outperformed 82% of females using…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Calculators, College Instruction, Computation