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Ari Decter-Frain; Pratik Sachdeva; Loren Collingwood; Hikari Murayama; Juandalyn Burke; Matt Barreto; Scott Henderson; Spencer Wood; Joshua Zingher – Sociological Methods & Research, 2025
We consider the cascading effects of researcher decisions throughout the process of quantifying racially polarized voting (RPV). We contrast three methods of estimating precinct racial composition, Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG), fully Bayesian BISG, and Citizen Voting Age Population (CVAP), and two algorithms for performing ecological…
Descriptors: Voting, Computation, Racial Composition, Bayesian Statistics
Sarah Narvaiz; Qinyun Lin; Joshua M. Rosenberg; Kenneth A. Frank; Spiro J. Maroulis; Wei Wang; Ran Xu – Grantee Submission, 2024
Sensitivity analysis, a statistical method crucial for validating inferences across disciplines, quantifies the conditions that could alter conclusions (Razavi et al., 2021). One line of work is rooted in linear models and foregrounds the sensitivity of inferences to the strength of omitted variables (Cinelli & Hazlett, 2019; Frank, 2000). A…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Computer Software, Robustness (Statistics), Statistical Inference
Kenneth A. Frank; Qinyun Lin; Spiro Maroulis – Grantee Submission, 2023
Beginning with debates about the effects of smoking on lung cancer, sensitivity analyses characterizing the hypothetical unobserved conditions that can alter statistical inferences have had profound impacts on public policy. One of the most ascendant techniques for sensitivity analysis is Oster's (2019) coefficient of proportionality, which…
Descriptors: Computation, Statistical Analysis, Statistical Inference, Correlation
Barreto, Matt; Collingwood, Loren; Garcia-Rios, Sergio; Oskooii, Kassra A. R. – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
Scholars and legal practitioners of voting rights are concerned with estimating individual-level voting behavior from aggregate-level data. The most commonly used technique, King's ecological inference (EI), has been questioned for inflexibility in multiethnic settings or with multiple candidates. One method for estimating vote support for…
Descriptors: Civil Rights Legislation, Federal Legislation, Voting, Statistical Analysis
Yanli Xie – ProQuest LLC, 2022
The purpose of this dissertation is to develop principles and strategies for and identify limitations of multisite cluster randomized trials in the context of partially and fully nested designs. In the first study, I develop principles of estimation, sampling variability, and inference for studies that leverage multisite designs within the context…
Descriptors: Randomized Controlled Trials, Research Design, Computation, Sampling
Gwet, Kilem L. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2021
Cohen's kappa coefficient was originally proposed for two raters only, and it later extended to an arbitrarily large number of raters to become what is known as Fleiss' generalized kappa. Fleiss' generalized kappa and its large-sample variance are still widely used by researchers and were implemented in several software packages, including, among…
Descriptors: Sample Size, Statistical Analysis, Interrater Reliability, Computation
Cuartas, Jorge; McCoy, Dana Charles – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2021
Mediation has played a critical role in developmental theory and research. Yet, developmentalists rarely discuss the methodological challenges of establishing causality in mediation analysis or potential strategies to improve the identification of causal mediation effects. In this article, we discuss the potential outcomes framework from…
Descriptors: Mediation Theory, Behavior Development, Influences, Inferences
Weber, Frank; Knapp, Guido; Glass, Änne; Kundt, Günther; Ickstadt, Katja – Research Synthesis Methods, 2021
There exists a variety of interval estimators for the overall treatment effect in a random-effects meta-analysis. A recent literature review summarizing existing methods suggested that in most situations, the Hartung-Knapp/Sidik-Jonkman (HKSJ) method was preferable. However, a quantitative comparison of those methods in a common simulation study…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Computation, Intervals, Statistical Analysis
Lee, Hyung Rock; Sung, Jaeyun; Lee, Sunbok – International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 2021
Conventional estimators for indirect effects using a difference in coefficients and product of coefficients produce the same results for continuous outcomes. However, for binary outcomes, the difference in coefficient estimator systematically underestimates the indirect effects because of a scaling problem. One solution is to standardize…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Computation, Regression (Statistics), Scaling
Xu Qin – Grantee Submission, 2023
When designing a study for causal mediation analysis, it is crucial to conduct a power analysis to determine the sample size required to detect the causal mediation effects with sufficient power. However, the development of power analysis methods for causal mediation analysis has lagged far behind. To fill the knowledge gap, I proposed a…
Descriptors: Sample Size, Statistical Analysis, Causal Models, Mediation Theory
Anqi Zhao; Peng Ding; Tirthankar Dasgupta – Grantee Submission, 2018
Given two 2-level factors of interest, a 2[superscript 2] split-plot design (a) takes each of the 2 [superscript 2] = 4 possible factorial combinations as a treatment, (b) identifies one factor as `whole-plot,' (c) divides the experimental units into blocks, and (d) assigns the treatments in such away that all units within the same block receive…
Descriptors: Statistical Inference, Computation, Statistical Analysis, Sampling
Shieh, Gwowen – Journal of Experimental Education, 2019
The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) is a useful statistical procedure that incorporates covariate features into the adjustment of treatment effects. The consequences of omitted prognostic covariates on the statistical inferences of ANCOVA are well documented in the literature. However, the corresponding influence on sample-size calculations for…
Descriptors: Sample Size, Statistical Analysis, Computation, Accuracy
Yongyun Shin; Stephen W. Raudenbush – Grantee Submission, 2023
We consider two-level models where a continuous response R and continuous covariates C are assumed missing at random. Inferences based on maximum likelihood or Bayes are routinely made by estimating their joint normal distribution from observed data R[subscript obs] and C[subscript obs]. However, if the model for R given C includes random…
Descriptors: Maximum Likelihood Statistics, Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Error of Measurement, Statistical Distributions
Roy, Sudipta – Teaching Statistics: An International Journal for Teachers, 2019
The natural experiment proposed in this article extracts three stories from boxes of "100 paper clips". The activity requires students to apply three lessons from inferential statistics, starting with a hypothesis test and including confidence intervals as well as tolerance intervals.
Descriptors: Statistical Inference, Probability, Teaching Methods, Hypothesis Testing
Cho, April E.; Wang, Chun; Zhang, Xue; Xu, Gongjun – Grantee Submission, 2020
Multidimensional Item Response Theory (MIRT) is widely used in assessment and evaluation of educational and psychological tests. It models the individual response patterns by specifying functional relationship between individuals' multiple latent traits and their responses to test items. One major challenge in parameter estimation in MIRT is that…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Mathematics, Statistical Inference, Maximum Likelihood Statistics