Arguing that the evolution of intelligent tutoring systems better reflects the recent theoretical developments of cognitive science than traditional computer-based instruction (CBI), this paper describes a general model for an intelligent tutoring system and suggests ways to improve CBI using design principles derived from research in cognitive…

Reviews the literature on Keller's Personalized System of Instruction (PSI), computer-assisted learning (CAL), computer conferencing (CC), and forms of instruction, then discusses how they can be integrated into a delivery system to enhance distance learning. Asynchronous individualized instruction and group instruction are also discussed. (28…

Presents and develops a general model of the nature of a learning system and a classification for learning systems. Highlights include the relationship between artificial intelligence and cognitive psychology; computer-based instructional systems; intelligent instructional systems; and the role of the learner's knowledge base in an intelligent…

Two issues inhibit full utilization of computer-assisted instruction (CAI). The first of these issues concerns authorship of CAI programs. Should it be left with classroom teachers or given to specially trained instructional design teams? The latter approach is preferable for "mainline" systems (those systems that are specifically designed to…

Examines the functional characteristics of intelligent computer assisted instruction (ICAI) and discusses the requirements of a multidisciplinary cooperative effort of its development. A typical ICAI model is presented and intelligent features of ICAI systems are described, including modeling the student's learning process, qualitative decision…

Outlines Component Design Theory, which is based on the author's earlier Component Display Theory, and provides the instructional design guidance needed for experiential computer based instructional systems. Highlights include a contrast between tutorial and experiential instructional models, content structures, consistency rules, instructional…

Describes the theoretical framework of a research project aimed at exploring the new potentials for instructional systems offered by videodisc technology and artificial intelligence. A prototype of an intelligent tutoring system, "Earth," is described, and types of interactions in instructional systems are discussed as they relate to the…

A review of Project Themis, which focused on the computer as a teacher, is presented. Descriptions of research into four related areas of strategy are first provided. These research areas are: 1) learner strategies focusing on the internal cognitive and personality processes of the learner who is involved in computer-based learning tasks; 2)…

Discussion of interactive multimedia instructional systems focuses on interactive multimedia courseware (IMMCW) and offers a conceptual framework for its design. Highlights include interactivity among students, instructors, and computers; instructional objectives accomplished using IMMCW; Gagne's events of instruction; learning effectiveness; and…

Learner-controlled instruction (LCI provides a model for developing the self-directed learners modern society requires. LCI allows the student to specify goals, to control significant resources to attain them, and to choose learning strategies, thus enabling him to learn how to learn. It appears that the environment needed to support this model…

Instructor diagnosis of pilot trainee errors was studied in the context of instrument flying using a computer simulation system called ORLY. ORLY was used to record student pilot runs on a number of instrument flying tasks. These runs were subsequently replayed to instructor pilots who diagnosed student errors and hypothesized the underlying…

An investigation of learning styles was jointly conducted by the Fox Valley Technical Institute and the Center for Vocational Technical and Adult Education at the University of Wisconsin at Stout. After a study of learning styles, a computerized model to manage an instructional system was developed. Analysis of information necessary to manage a…

Reviews conceptual bases for hypertext, relates them to hypertext design issues, and suggests research issues that need to be addressed. Topics discussed include cognitive psychology; schema theory and semantic networks; problems with hypertext; knowledge structures; software; inductive and deductive design methods; and expert systems. (12…

This annotated bibliography lists publications of the Wisconsin Cognitive Learning program components, materials printed for the various curriculum projects, materials sold through the center document service, and materials published for the completed projects. Within each component or project grouping, the research publications are alphabetically…

The elements of an instructional system are discussed and some literature bearing on these is reviewed. The discussion is intended to stimulate thought about an instructional system as a computer-assisted instructional (CAI) test-bed and to point out some noteworthy laboratory research results, particularly in cognitive psychology. Following this,…