The effects of behavioral objectives and/or rules on the learning process were examined using a hierarchical imaginary science called the Science of Xenograde Systems. The learning task was presented by a computer assisted instruction system to 130 introductory educational psychology and science education students. After being given a battery of…

A cybernetic subcomponent is proposed which can gather the necessary information and make the operating decisions to allow one system of instruction (M.D. Merrill's) to respond to and provide for differential needs within the individual learner. (Merrill's system divides the universe of instructional objectives into a taxonomy of seven categories,…

Individually Prescribed Instruction, the Automated Learning Management System, Computer Assisted Instruction, and the Interactive System are discussed in a general way in this paper that, nevertheless, describes the state of the art. Although these four developments, treated as four modes in the same process, are considered to be a major break…

The papers presented here are the result of the International Conference and Exhibition on Automation and Instrumentation held in Milan, Italy in 1968. Ranging from appraisals of the general situation of educational technology today to discussions of specific problems in the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union and Italy, to…

Grade six and seven students at South Hill Elementary School were involved in the study to evaluate computer-assisted instruction (CAI) in arithmetic. The pupils were divided into three groups: the members of the "Computer Group" each received five minutes of CAI in arithmetic per day in addition to regular arithmetic classes, the…

Recent developments in Northwestern University's Computer Aids to Teaching Project are reviewed in the first section of this issue. Included are pieces of information about the use of the PLATO IV system, and about increasing access to System Development Corporation's Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) files, along with news about…

This manual provides newcomers to the PLATO computer-assisted instructional system with an introduction to TUTOR, the system's language. It explains the basic commands and specific operating instructions and presents a set of seven simple exercises, the performance of which serves as an introduction to PLATO for the user. Four appendixes are also…

In earlier work a programing language, LOGO, was developed to teach mathematics in the framework of computer programs. Using LOGO a few programs were tested in both elementary and junior high school mathematics classrooms with excellent results. The work reported here is the first effort to systematically develop extensive curriculum materials…

A computer-based instructional system for teaching the notion of mathematical proof is described. The system is capable of handling formalizations of the full predicate calculus with identity and, with minor work, definite description. Designed as an instructional device, the program is also the basis for a number of research projects involving…

The use of interactive graphics in computer-aided instruction systems is discussed with emphasis placed on two requirements of such a system. The first is the need to provide the teacher with a useful tool with which to design and modify teaching sessions tailored to the individual needs and capabilities of the students. The second is the…

This report describes the initial evaluation of a text compression algorithm against computer assisted instruction (CAI) material. A review of some concepts related to statistical text compression is followed by a detailed description of a practical text compression algorithm. A simulation of the algorithm was programed and used to obtain…

Prior training research for contemporary efforts to exploit computers for training suggests the following precautions: 1) Computer-based training should always be conceived of in such a way that it can be related to what is known about conditions for effective training. 2) No computer offers a training system which is obviously so superior that no…

Over 30 flow charts are presented and described in order to document in a readable form a set of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) strategies and tactics, most of which have evolved out of the six-year experience at the CAI Laboratory at Pennsylvania State University. Introductory information defines CAI, explains how to use the manual, and…

A brief introduction to computer programing explains the basic grammar of computer language as well as fundamental computer techniques. What constitutes a computer program is made clear, then three simple kinds of statements basic to the computational computer are defined: assignment statements, input-output statements, and branching statements. A…

A computer-assisted instruction (CAI) author language and operating system is available for use by McGill instructors on the university's IBM 360/65 RAX Time-Sharing System. Instructors can use this system to prepare lessons which allow the computer and a student to "converse" in natural language. The instructor prepares a lesson by…