During COVID-19 lockdowns, Vietnamese universities, like elsewhere, were compelled by social distancing rules to transition from on-site to online education, including examinations. However, many of these universities were not prepared for such sudden and drastic changes. This situation raises questions about if and how the students' cheating…

This study investigates unproctored assignment-based assessment implementation in an online teaching environment compared to on-site assessment. A mixed-method research approach was conducted with the participation of 284 English-major students, 6 teachers, and 4 experts at a university in Vietnam. Data collection instruments included a…