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Dudschig, Carolin; Kaup, Barbara; Mackenzie, Ian Grant – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Concerning the evolution of our mind, it is of core interest to understand how high-level cognitive functions are embedded within low-level cognitive functions. While the grounding of meaning units such as content words and sentence has been widely investigated, little is known about logical cognitive operations and their association with…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Task Analysis, Nonverbal Communication, Emotional Response
Reactivation of Learned Reward Association Reduces Retroactive Interference from New Reward Learning
Huang, Zhibang; Li, Sheng – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Learning to associate specific objects with value contributes to the human's adaptive behavior. However, the intrinsic nature of associative memory posits a challenge that newly learned associations may interfere with the old ones if they share common features (e.g., a reward). In the present study, we conducted a set of behavioral experiments and…
Descriptors: Rewards, Interference (Learning), Associative Learning, Memory
Schulz, Daniel; Richter, Tobias; Schindler, Julia; Lenhard, Wolfgang; Mangold, Madlen – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2023
Inhibitory control is a core executive function that develops during childhood and is measured with tasks that require the inhibition of a dominant response. The current study examined the diagnostic value of using response accuracy and latency in a simple inhibitory control test, the computerized Pointing-Stroop Task (cPST), for kindergarten…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Item Response Theory, Reaction Time, Inhibition
Darby, Kevin P.; Sederberg, Per B.; Sloutsky, Vladimir M. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
The ability to bind, or link, different aspects of an experience in memory undergoes protracted development across childhood. Most studies of memory binding development have assessed extraobject binding between an object and some external element such as another object, whereas little work has examined the development of intraobject binding, such…
Descriptors: Memory, Child Development, Developmental Stages, Color
Wu, Shiyu; Liu, Dilin; Huang, Shaoqiang – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2023
Via two reading experiments, this exploratory study examined the effects of over- and under-specified linguistic input on L2 online processing of Chinese referring expressions (REs). In each experiment, a group of advanced L2 Chinese speakers (all with Uyghurs as L1) and a control group of native Chinese speakers read 48 sets of 4 sentence pairs…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Linguistic Input, Second Language Learning, Teaching Methods
Mansfield, John; Saldana, Carmen; Hurst, Peter; Nordlinger, Rachel; Stoll, Sabine; Bickel, Balthasar; Perfors, Andrew – Cognitive Science, 2022
Inflectional affixes expressing the same grammatical category (e.g., subject agreement) tend to appear in the same morphological position in the word. We hypothesize that this cross-linguistic tendency toward "category clustering" is at least partly the result of a learning bias, which facilitates the transmission of morphology from one…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Morphemes, Grammar, Transfer of Training
Chen, Jinglu; Tan, Ling; Liu, Lu; Wang, Ling – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
It has been demonstrated that the Simon effect may be increased or reversed due to proportion congruency manipulation, suggesting that learned spatial irrelevant stimulus-response (S-R) associations are used to guide responses. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that learning spatial irrelevant S-R associations by rewards may show a similar…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Reaction Time, Prediction, Color
Muhl-Richardson, Alex; Cornes, Katherine; Godwin, Hayward J.; Garner, Matthew; Hadwin, Julie A.; Liversedge, Simon P.; Donnelly, Nick – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2018
Target onsets in dynamically changing displays can be predicted when contingencies exist between different stimulus states over time. In the present study, we examined predictive monitoring when participants searched dynamically changing displays of numbers and colored squares for a color target, a number target, or both. Stimuli were presented in…
Descriptors: Prediction, Visual Stimuli, Color, Spatial Ability
Kinoshita, Sachiko; Mills, Luke – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
The present study investigated how response mode (oral vs. manual) modulates the Stroop effect using a picture variant of the Stroop task in which participants named orally, or identified with a manual keypress, line drawings of animals (e.g., camel). Consistent with previous color-response Stroop studies, relative to the nonlinguistic neutral…
Descriptors: Phonology, Language Processing, Animals, Color
Bradford, Elisabeth E. F.; Brunsdon, Victoria E. A.; Ferguson, Heather J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Perspective-taking plays an important role in daily life, allowing consideration of other people's perspectives and viewpoints. This study used a large sample of 265 community-based participants (aged 20-86 years) to examine changes in perspective-taking abilities--a component of "Theory of Mind"--across adulthood, and how these changes…
Descriptors: Perspective Taking, Eye Movements, Error Patterns, Older Adults
Datta, Kalyani; Nebhinani, Naresh; Dixit, Abhinav – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2019
Previous studies have found that bilinguals differ in their response times on the bilingual version of Stroop Task. Automaticity and control and Language proficiency have emerged as important factors that lead to differences in the response time. This study aimed to understand Stroop Effect in Hindi-English bilinguals on the computerized version…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Indo European Languages, Reaction Time, Interference (Learning)
Heusser, Andrew C.; Ezzyat, Youssef; Shiff, Ilana; Davachi, Lila – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Episodic memories are not veridical records of our lives, but rather are better described as organized summaries of experience. Theories and empirical research suggest that shifts in perceptual, temporal, and semantic information lead to a chunking of our continuous experiences into segments, or "events." However, the consequences of…
Descriptors: Mnemonics, Associative Learning, Memory, Cognitive Processes
Cochrane, Brett A.; Nwabuike, Andrea A.; Thomson, David R.; Milliken, Bruce – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Maljkovic and Nakayama (1994) found that pop-out search performance is more efficient when a singleton target feature repeats rather than switches from 1 trial to the next--an effect known as priming of pop-out (PoP). They also reported findings indicating that the PoP effect is strongly automatic, as it was unaffected by knowledge of the upcoming…
Descriptors: Imagery, Priming, Visual Stimuli, Color
Twomey, Katherine E.; Ma, Lizhi; Westermann, Gert – Cognitive Science, 2018
Variability is prevalent in early language acquisition, but, whether it supports or hinders learning is unclear; while target variability has been shown to facilitate word learning, variability in competitor items has been shown to make the task harder. Here, we tested whether background variability could boost learning in a referent selection…
Descriptors: Acoustics, Language Acquisition, Vocabulary Development, Behavior Change
Malivuk, Kristina Vujnovic; Palmovic, Marijan; Zergollern-Miletic, Lovorka – Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2018
The aim of this study was to explore automaticity of lexical access and executive functions of language learners and bilinguals while considering their language automaticity. Three groups of youths aged 14 to 18 were tested: Croatian-German early bilinguals, Croatian high school students who participated in a German immersion programme at school…
Descriptors: German, Serbocroatian, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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