Background/purpose: The study addresses the challenge of integrating technology into Pancasila Education in Indonesian primary schools. Despite schools having technological facilities, teachers still rely on conventional teaching materials. The research aims to develop and validate digital game-based learning materials using the Lumio by Smart…

Background/purpose: Game-based learning is becoming increasingly popular among educators in higher institutions. However, it can be a daunting task for educators to ascertain which of the currently available game-based learning platforms best suits their learners' needs. This study explored the suitability of Kahoot! as one of the most commonly…