The aim of this study was to investigate second-grade elementary school students' performance related to their counting skills, place value understanding, and addition operation in natural numbers. A total of 205 second-grade elementary school students from Turkey participated in this study. The data were collected through a 'Personal Information…

This study addresses first graders' conceptual knowledge exhibited in addition strategies in relation to instructional practices and teachers' beliefs in a suburban Alabama school. To address the purpose of the study, the central question was "What is the nature of the relationship between curricular practices and beliefs and students'…

An Australian longitudinal study of 319 Kindergartners developed, implemented and evaluated an intervention, the Pattern and Structure Mathematics Awareness Program (PASMAP). It comprised of repetitions and growing patterns, structured counting and grouping, grids and shapes, partitioning, additive and multiplicative structures, measurement and…

Introducing the distributivity property of multiplication over addition is a well-known challenge in mathematics education, especially in primary school. As a contribution, this paper presents the results of a cycle of design research that focuses on the design, implementation and evaluation of a modelling activity in which 2nd-grade students are…

Pictorial representations are often used to help children understand the situation described in a given number-sentence scheme. These static pictorial problems essentially attempt to depict a dynamic situation (e.g., one bird flies away while there are three birds still sitting on the fence). Previous research suggested that such pictorial…

This article reflects critically on the guidance offered to South African teachers in two canonical texts: the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statements (CAPS) and Mathematics teaching and learning framework for South Africa: Teaching mathematics for understanding (TMU). I make explicit my philosophical orientation, and how 'teaching mathematics…

Assessing student learning traditionally involves determining whether students can solve a certain percentage of problems correctly, under the assumption that this achievement indicates they have the knowledge and understanding they need to progress to new topics. This article explores what teachers can learn from looking closely at student…

This chapter focuses on the interaction of two first graders as they attempt to make sense of a particular instructional context for learning negative numbers. The context is one where they move an elevator to a building's floors above and below ground in order to model integer addition and subtraction problems. In particular, the focus of the…

In the domain of "Operations & Algebraic Thinking," Common Core State Standards indicate that in kindergarten, first grade, and second grade, children should demonstrate and expand their ability to understand, represent, and solve problems using the operations of addition and subtraction, laying the foundation for operations using…

Fact fluency is an important prerequisite to mastering more complex and abstract mathematics principles. Delivering math interventions in the home setting may be a feasible way to expose students to necessary supports and improve math outcomes. The present study utilized a multiple baseline design across parent-student dyads to examine the impact…

Do your students have the incorrect idea that addition "makes numbers bigger" and subtraction "makes numbers smaller"? Do they believe that subtraction is always "taking away"? What tasks can you offer--what questions can you ask--to determine what your students know or don't know--and move them forward in their…

This research aim is to know the students' understanding in adding number up to 20 using traditional game of dakocan and to acquire learning trajectory of adding number up to 20 using traditional game of dakocan for the first grade of primary school. This research used methodology of design research that consists of three phases, there are…