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Spitler, Gail – Arithmetic Teacher, 1979
Allowing students to examine different ways of performing an operation is suggested as a means of increasing their understanding. (MP)
Descriptors: Addition, Algorithms, Computation, Concept Formation

Kouba, Vicky L.; Franklin, Kathy – Teaching Children Mathematics, 1995
Discusses mathematics education research on multiplication and division which implies that instruction should emphasize development of a sound conceptual basis for multiplication and division rather than memorization of tables and rules. Presents action research ideas. (10 references) (MKR)
Descriptors: Action Research, Algorithms, Arithmetic, Computation