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Genetics of Preparation and Response Control in ADHD: The Role of DRD4 and DAT1
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Albrecht, Björn; Brandeis, Daniel; Uebel-von Sandersleben, Henrik; Valko, Lilian; Heinrich, Hartmut; Xu, Xiaohui; Drechsler, Renate; Heise, Alexander; Kuntsi, Jonna; Müller, Ueli C.; Asherson, Philip; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph; Rothenberger, Aribert; Banaschewski, Tobias – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2014
Background: Difficulties with performance and brain activity related to attentional orienting (Cue-P3), cognitive or response preparation (Cue-CNV) and inhibitory response control (Nogo-P3) during tasks tapping executive functions are familial in ADHD and may represent endophenotypes. The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of dopamine…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics, Responses, Inhibition
Practitioner Review: Do Performance-Based Measures and Ratings of Executive Function Assess the Same Construct?
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Toplak, Maggie E.; West, Richard F.; Stanovich, Keith E. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Both performance-based and rating measures are commonly used to index executive function in clinical and neuropsychological assessments. They are intended to index the same broad underlying mental construct of executive function. The association between these two types of measures was investigated in the current article. Method and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Performance Based Assessment, Rating Scales, Cognitive Tests
Pathways to Self-Harmful Behaviors in Young Women with and without ADHD: A Longitudinal Examination of Mediating Factors
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Swanson, Erika N.; Owens, Elizabeth B.; Hinshaw, Stephen P. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2014
Background: Rates of suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury [(NSSI); e.g., cutting, burning] peak in adolescence and early adulthood; females and individuals with psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses appear to be at particular risk. Hinshaw et al. ["Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology," ([Hinshaw, S.P., 2012]), 80, 1041]…
Descriptors: Self Destructive Behavior, Females, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Suicide
Phenotypic and Genetic Associations between Reading Comprehension, Decoding Skills, and ADHD Dimensions: Evidence from Two Population-Based Studies
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Plourde, Vickie; Boivin, Michel; Forget-Dubois, Nadine; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Marino, Cecilia; Tremblay, Richard T.; Dionne, Ginette – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: The phenotypic and genetic associations between decoding skills and ADHD dimensions have been documented but less is known about the association with reading comprehension. The aim of the study is to document the phenotypic and genetic associations between reading comprehension and ADHD dimensions of inattention and…
Descriptors: Genetics, Correlation, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Kindergarten
The Factor Structure of ADHD in a General Population of Primary School Children
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Ullebo, Anne Karin; Breivik, Kyrre; Gillberg, Christopher; Lundervold, Astri J.; Posserud, Maj-Britt – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2012
Objective: To examine whether a bifactor model with a general ADHD factor and domain specific factors of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity was supported in a large general population sample of children. We also explored the utility of forming subscales based on the domain-specific factors. Methods: Child mental health questionnaires were…
Descriptors: Conceptual Tempo, Hyperactivity, Factor Structure, Factor Analysis
Different Neurodevelopmental Symptoms Have a Common Genetic Etiology
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Pettersson, Erik; Anckarsäter, Henrik; Gillberg, Christopher; Lichtenstein, Paul – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Although neurodevelopmental disorders are demarcated as discrete entities in the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of mental disorders, empirical evidence indicates that there is a high degree of overlap among them. The first aim of this investigation was to explore if a single general factor could account for the large degree of observed…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Twins, Interviews, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Biological and Rearing Mother Influences on Child ADHD Symptoms: Revisiting the Developmental Interface between Nature and Nurture
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Harold, Gordon T.; Leve, Leslie D.; Barrett, Douglas; Elam, Kit; Neiderhiser, Jenae M.; Natsuaki, Misaki N.; Shaw, Daniel S.; Reiss, David; Thapar, Anita – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Families of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) report more negative family relationships than families of children without ADHD. Questions remain as to the role of genetic factors underlying associations between family relationships and children's ADHD symptoms, and the role of children's ADHD…
Descriptors: Genetics, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Mothers
Longitudinal Links between Impulsivity, Gambling Problems and Depressive Symptoms: A Transactional Model from Adolescence to Early Adulthood
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Dussault, Frederic; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Wanner, Brigitte; Tremblay, Richard E. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Research shows high co-morbidity between gambling problems and depressive symptoms, but the directionality of this link is unclear. Moreover, the co-occurrence of gambling problems and depressive symptoms could be spurious and explained by common underlying risk factors such as impulsivity and socio-family risk. The goals of the…
Descriptors: Conceptual Tempo, Late Adolescents, Risk, Depression (Psychology)
Annual Research Review: Prenatal Stress and the Origins of Psychopathology--An Evolutionary Perspective
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Glover, Vivette – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
If a mother is stressed or anxious while pregnant her child is more likely to show a range of symptoms such as those of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, aggression or anxiety. While there remains some debate about what proportion of these effects are due to the prenatal or the postnatal environment, and the role of…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Psychopathology, Genetics, Depression (Psychology)
Child and Adolescent Predictors of Male Intimate Partner Violence
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Theobald, Delphine; Farrington, David P. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2012
Background: This study addresses to what extent child and adolescent explanatory factors predict male perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV) in adulthood. Methods: We use prospective longitudinal data from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (CSDD). The CSDD is a survey of 411 male born in the 1950s in an inner London area. The men…
Descriptors: Evidence, Family Violence, Males, Drug Use
Performance Variability, Impulsivity Errors and the Impact of Incentives as Gender-Independent Endophenotypes for ADHD
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Uebel, Henrik; Albrecht, Bjorn; Asherson, Philip; Borger, Norbert A.; Butler, Louise; Chen, Wai; Christiansen, Hanna; Heise, Alexander; Kuntsi, Jonna; Schafer, Ulrike; Andreou, Penny; Manor, Iris; Marco, Rafaela; Miranda, Ana; Mulligan, Aisling; Oades, Robert D.; van der Meere, Jaap; Faraone, Stephen V.; Rothenberger, Aribert; Banaschewski, Tobias – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and highly heritable child psychiatric disorders. There is strong evidence that children with ADHD show slower and more variable responses in tasks such as Go/Nogo tapping aspects of executive functions like sustained attention and response control which may be…
Descriptors: Siblings, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics, Cognitive Processes
Revisiting the Latent Structure of ADHD: Is There a "g" Factor?
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Martel, Michelle M.; von Eye, Alexander; Nigg, Joel T. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is presumed to be heterogeneous, but the best way to describe this heterogeneity remains unclear. Considerable evidence has accrued suggesting that inattention versus hyperactivity-impulsivity symptom domains predict distinct clinical outcomes and may have partially distinct etiological…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Attention Deficit Disorders, Rating Scales, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Emotional Lability in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Clinical Correlates and Familial Prevalence
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Sobanski, Esther; Banaschewski, Tobias; Asherson, Philip; Buitelaar, Jan; Chen, Wai; Franke, Barbara; Holtmann, Martin; Krumm, Bertram; Sergeant, Joseph; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund; Stringaris, Argyris; Taylor, Eric; Anney, Richard; Ebstein, Richard P.; Gill, Michael; Miranda, Ana; Mulas, Fernando; Oades, Robert D.; Roeyers, Herbert; Rothenberger, Aribert; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph; Faraone, Stephen V. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: The goal of this study was to investigate the occurrence, severity and clinical correlates of emotional lability (EL) in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to examine factors contributing to EL and familiality of EL in youth with ADHD. Methods: One thousand, one hundred and eighty-six children with ADHD…
Descriptors: Emotional Problems, Siblings, Substance Abuse, Incidence
Social Contextual Links to Emotion Regulation in an Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatient Population: Do Gender and Symptomatology Matter?
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Adrian, Molly; Zeman, Janice; Erdley, Cynthia; Lisa, Ludmila; Homan, Kendra; Sim, Leslie – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2009
Background: The regulation of emotion is essential for adaptive functioning. However, delineating the pathways of emotion regulation (ER) processes that lead to psychological adaptation remains under-studied, with mixed evidence for the specificity vs. generality of ER deficits in relation to specific forms of psychopathology. To examine this…
Descriptors: Peer Relationship, Psychopathology, Adolescents, Psychology
Do Delay Aversion and Executive Function Deficits Make Distinct Contributions to the Functional Impact of ADHD Symptoms? A Study of Early Academic Skill Deficits
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Thorell, Lisa B. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2007
Background: The present study examined the distinct properties of executive functioning in relation to ADHD symptoms, as well as functional outcomes associated with ADHD. In line with the dual-pathway model of ADHD, executive functioning and delay aversion were expected to show independent effects on ADHD symptoms. Furthermore, relations to early…
Descriptors: Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorders, Language Skills, Cognitive Processes
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