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Direct linkTamara P. Tate; Young-Suk Grace Kim; Penelope Collins; Mark Warschauer; Carol Booth Olson – Written Communication, 2024
This article provides three major contributions to the literature: we provide granular information on the development of student argumentative writing across secondary school; we replicate the MacArthur et al. model of Natural Language Processing (NLP) writing features that predict quality with a younger group of students; and we are able to…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Reading Comprehension, Reading Fluency, Essays
Download full textWhite, Sheida; Sabatini, John; Park, Bitnara Jasmine; Chen, Jing; Bernstein, Jared; Li, Mengyi – National Center for Education Statistics, 2021
The 2018 NAEP Oral Reading Fluency (ORF) study is conducted by NCES to examine fourth-grade students' ability to read passages out loud with sufficient speed, accuracy, and expression, as well as foundational skills to gauge underlying sources of poor fluency. Oral reading fluency and foundational skills are important components of reading that…
Descriptors: National Competency Tests, Reading Tests, Oral Reading, Reading Fluency
