Researchers design diagnostic assessments to measure students' knowledge structures and processing skills to provide information about their cognitive attribute. The purpose of this study is to determine the instrument's validity and score reliability, as well as to investigate the use of classical test theory to identify item characteristics. The…

The aim of the study is to develop an achievement test consisting of the questions in verbal intelligence games whose validity and reliability have been ensured and which are in accordance with the learning outcomes of the states of substance and knowing the properties of substance via the five senses taking place in the unit "Let's Know…

Teachers who can adapt and be ready for all changes will also be able to provide a balance to increase the competence of vocational high school students. This is also not denied when teachers become assessors in student competency tests. The objectives of this study were to produce an instrument for the readiness of teachers as assessors; to…

The aim of the present study is to develop a national non-verbal cognitive ability test in Turkey. Test items were developed during the first stage and applied as a pilot study on 3,073 children in the age interval of 4 to 13. The test was given its final form based on the values of item difficulty, item distinctiveness, item total score…

This study aims to investigate: (1) the construct validity of the "Blended Learners' Online Component Challenges" BLOCC scale; (2) the internal reliability of the scale; and (3) the differences between blended learners' online component challenges according to different socio-demographic variables for Sport Science students. The sample…

The Mineralogy Concept Inventory (MCI) is a statistically validated 18-question assessment that can be used to measure learning gains in introductory mineralogy courses. Development of the MCI was an iterative process involving expert consultation, student interviews, assessment deployment, and statistical analysis. Experts at the two universities…

Technological literacy (TL) as the goal of technology education guides the construction of the technology education curriculum in China. Previous studies investigating technological literacy were limited to K-12 students and had some ambiguities in the definition of technology, theoretical framework, and assessed criterion, and a measurement…

e-Textbooks and e-learning technologies have become ubiquitous in college and university courses as faculty seek out ways to provide more engaging, flexible and customizable learning opportunities for students. However, the same technologies that support learning can serve as a source of frustration. Research on frustration with technology is…

Pupils' attitudes towards technology have been widely discussed for over three decades, but the equally important topic of teachers' attitudes towards technology has not gained similar attention. To address this gap, the technology teachers' attitude towards technology (TTATT) scale was developed and validated by pilot testing with 140 Chinese…

This study aims to reveal (1) the construct and (2) the characteristics of the developed instrument for assessing Physics cognitive learning achievement of high school students in outdoor learning models through local wisdom-based fieldwork. This research was a research and development using the approach developed by Mardapi (2012: 110). The steps…

In the current study, we aimed to develop a reliable and valid scale to address individual cognitive load types. Existing scale development studies involved limited number of items without adequate convergent, discriminant and criterion validity checks. Through a multistep correlational study, we proposed a three-factor scale with 13 items to…

Higher-order thinking skills (HOTs) are very crucial thinking skills needed by teachers to train students to develop 21st-century learning. This study aimed to develop Multiple Choice and Essay Questions to measure the HOTs of the prospective teachers of the elementary school education department. This study used a 4-D model by Thiagarajan which…

This study established a Chinese scale for measuring high school students' ocean literacy. This included testing its reliability, validity, and differential item functioning (DIF) with the aim of compensating for the lack of DIF tests focusing on current scales. The construct validity and reliability were verified and tested by analyzing the…

Under the framework of item response theory (IRT) and generalizability (G-) theory, this study examined the effects of item difficulty on rating reliability and construct validity on both the constructed-response (CR) items and essay items on English examinations. The data collected for this study were students' scores and responses on the two…

This study investigated the cognitive validity of two child English language tests. Some teachers maintain that these types of tests may be cognitively invalid because native-English-speaking children would not do well on them (Winke, 2011). So the researchers had native speakers and learners of English aged 7 to 9 take sample versions of two…