Content and language integrated learning (CLIL) involves teaching an additional language through the study of a subject, and teaching the subject through the medium of the new language. CLIL approaches to additional language acquisition are widely adopted and broadly successful, though some content-subjects may be better suited than others. The…

English learner (EL) students face the challenge of learning a new language while simultaneously learning other subjects. Similarly, English as Second Language (ESL) teachers have the added responsibility of teaching academic language in STEM subjects to EL students, in addition to language teaching. This article explores how a participant…

As a strategic initiative aimed to enhance English communication skills and bolster the global competitiveness of the general population, Taiwan's Bilingual 2030 Policy takes place at the intersection of neoliberalism, globalization, and the global spread of the English language. The neoliberal framing of Taiwan's language education policy has…

Bilingual education has become popular in many countries in the last two decades. It is generally acknowledged that learning a second language (L2) through subject content has a positive impact on students' L2 learning, but there is less agreement on whether this also applies to learning subject content knowledge in and through L2. This…

The effects of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) on students' foreign language skill development have been overestimated by previous studies, as most studies needed to have considered selection and preparation effects appropriately. We used complete survey data from a 1996-2003 cohort to investigate English skill development of N =…

Despite the global adoption of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and extensive research on the effectiveness (product-oriented) and classroom interactions (process-oriented) of CLIL, existing studies have overlooked the motivational beliefs and metacognitive strategies of CLIL students. Hence, there is a need for a…

The ability to manage specific forms of disciplinary expression - Languages of Schooling - is regarded as a factor of academic success (Council of Europe recommendations - Council of Europe CM/Rec. [2014]. "Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the Importance of Competences in the Language(s) of Schooling for Equity…

Bilingual education could solve many challenges introduced by an increasingly internationalised education system. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), in particular, may equip students with the necessary cultural and communicative skills to succeed in today's academic environment. However, it is not yet clear how CLIL can be employed…

The present study explored a small-scale English medium instruction (EMI) initiative in Moroccan secondary schools, which is part of a top-down multilingual policy based on teaching science subjects through foreign languages, namely French, English, and Spanish. 18 secondary EMI teachers of math, physics and life and earth sciences were…

The "Teaching Academic Content and Literacy to English Learners in Elementary and Middle School" practice guide was developed by the What Works Clearinghouse™ (WWC) in conjunction with an expert panel to support teachers in providing language instruction. The practice guide provides teachers with guidelines and examples of ways to…

Since its inception in the 1990s Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has transformed from an initiative to improve communicative competence in foreign languages into a complex language-aware construct in which translanguaging and curriculum integration are identifiable pedagogical practices. This shift of paradigm in its…

Scaffolding ensures multilingual learners (ML) are adequately challenged and supported at school while learning English and subject area content. Due to the dynamic nature of language development, teachers may struggle to anticipate how to adequately scaffold lessons or reflect on their practice to identify areas for improvement. This paper…

This study explores teachers' perceptions and practices about the translanguaging approach in CLIL elementary and secondary school contexts in Taiwan. It first investigates 422 in-service teachers' perspectives toward teachers' and students' use of (1) a native language; (2) non-verbal behaviors; and (3) other meaning-making signs in the language…

This study sets two main objectives to address this research gap in CLIL materials design: to identify and to evaluate teachers' approaches to text modification. The study focuses on four secondary teachers who teach non-language subjects to grades 7-9 in Finland, in English. The qualitative data consist of interviews and teaching materials…

This article drew on the recent dynamic, distributed view of "translanguaging and flows" and the New Materiality view of meaning making to explore content and language integrated learning (CLIL) activities in an English-Medium-Instruction (EMI) secondary Science classroom. Fine-grained analysis of the multilingual and multimodal…