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Stimulus Fading as Treatment for Obscenity in a Brain-Injured Adult.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Pace, Gary M.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994
Obscene verbalizations in an individual with traumatic brain injury were treated using stimulus fading as the singular form of intervention. Results of a functional assessment revealed the obscenity was maintained by negative reinforcement. Stimulus fading (the gradual reintroduction of instructional demands) produced immediate and substantial…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Case Studies, Contingency Management, Head Injuries
The Elimination of a Self-Injurious Avoidance Response through a Forced Running Consequence.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Borreson, Paul M. – Mental Retardation, 1980
The self-injurious avoidance responses of a 22-year-old severely mentally retarded male were eliminated through a forced running consequence. Side effects, such as reduced noise, increase in smiling, and faster progress toward instructional objectives, were also noted. The results were maintained over a period of two years. (Author/PHR)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Case Studies, Contingency Management
Analysis of Free-Time Contingencies as Positive versus Negative Reinforcement.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Zarcone, Jennifer R.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
Analysis of the effects of a short break contingent on completed work with a 10-year-old boy with autism and profound mental retardation found the 20-second break increased responding more than a positive reinforcer did, and the reinforcing effects of a 20-second break were affected by the availability of positive reinforcers during the break. (DB)
Descriptors: Autism, Case Studies, Contingency Management, Multiple Disabilities
An Analysis of Antecedent, Response, and Consequence Events in the Treatment of Self-Injurious Behavior.
Gaylord-Ross, Robert J.; And Others – Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 1980
Findings showed an interaction between mands (instructional directions) and response type. Only when a mand was given during performance of the sorting task did the frequency of SIB increase. The contingent application of verbal praise had a minor, though systematic, effect in reducing the frequency of SIB. (PHR)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Case Studies, Contingency Management
Sleep Deprivation, Allergy Symptoms, and Negatively Reinforced Problem Behavior.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kennedy, Craig H.; Meyer, Kim A. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
A study of the relationship between presence or absence of sleep deprivation, allergy symptoms, and the rate and function of problem behavior in three adolescents with moderate to profound mental retardation found that problem behavior was negatively reinforced by escape from instruction, and both allergy symptoms and sleep deprivation influenced…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Allergy, Behavior Patterns, Behavior Problems
Empirical Examination of a Multicomponent Treatment for Pediatric Food Refusal.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Hoch, Theodore A.; Babbitt, Roberta L.; Farrar-Schneider, Debra; Berkowitz, Merrill J.; Owens, J. Carl; Knight, Terry L.; Snyder, Angela M.; Rizol, Laura M.; Wise, David T. – Education and Treatment of Children, 2001
This paper reports on assessment and treatment of food refusal for four inpatient boys (ages 2,3,3, and 9) receiving tube feedings. It used a contingency contacting procedure extended by a component analysis. Data suggest that food refusal appeared to be maintained primarily by negative reinforcement contingencies. Caregiver responses indicated a…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Case Studies, Children, Contingency Management