Mirror images in constituent order are found in a wide range of parallel clause types in Japanese and English. Three detailed explanations for linear orderings are provided. (Author/HP)

This report documents efforts over a five-month period toward completion of a pilot system for machine translation of German scientific and technical literature into English. The report is divided into three areas: grammar formalism, programming, and linguistics. Work on grammar formalism concentrated mainly on increasing the power of the…

This first volume of a three-part language research study states and illustrates that the point of departure for comparative analysis of two languages rests on a comprehensive typology in each of a number of areas of grammar. The report suggests that a limited set of functions can be isolated, and that the range of grammatical possibilities open…

This report describes work on a pilot system for a fully automatic, high-quality translation of German scientific and technical text into English and gives the results of an experiment designed to show the system's capability to produce quality mechanical translation. The areas considered were: (1) grammar formalism, mainly involving the addition…

The claim that the best language teaching materials are based on a contrast of the two competing linguistic systems has long been a popular one in language teaching. It exists in strong and weak versions, the strong one arising from evidence from the availability of some kind of metatheory of contrastive analysis and the weak from evidence from…

The underlying thesis of this article is that Nonstandard Negro English differs in its deep structure from Standard English. (Author/FWB)

The necessity is asserted for constructing a theory of contrastive analysis which would incorporate both translation equivalence and "form and placement of the rules in grammar" as criteria for making decisions concerning comparability. (Available from: See FL 508 214). (Author/RM)

Research supported by the Contrastive Semantics Project at the University of California, Berkeley. (DD)

"Deletion is posited as a universal process in language, and "identity and "indefiniteness are suggested as universal conditions under which deletion takes place. Usefulness of exploiting language similarities in language teaching is stressed. This paper was presented at the TESOL Convention, Chicago, March 1969. (FWB)

Proposes an approach to contrastive linguistics which takes into account syntax and semantics, and discusses the role of such an approach in explaining surface structure differences between English and Chinese sentences of the type: "He is a good pianist" and "I have a bad knee." (AM)

Challenges the notion that linguistic units which are equivalent from the point of view of being translated with ease from one language to another have a common deep structure. This notion is not seen as feasible in a transformational generative framework. (CLK)

Revised version of a paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, Atlanta, Georgia, November 24, 1972; research supported by a Summer Research Grant, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Ill. (DD)