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Shaohua Fang – ProQuest LLC, 2023
Scope ambiguity arises when a sentence contains scope-bearing logical operators like quantifiers and negation (Fox, 2003). For instance, in English, the sentence 'Every horse didn't jump over the fence' can be interpreted as either 'None of the horses jumped over the fence' (surface scope) or 'Not all of the horses jumped over the fence' (inverse…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Chinese
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Krzeszowski, Tomasz P. – Studia Anglica Posnaniensia, 1973
The necessity is asserted for constructing a theory of contrastive analysis which would incorporate both translation equivalence and "form and placement of the rules in grammar" as criteria for making decisions concerning comparability. (Available from: See FL 508 214). (Author/RM)
Descriptors: Contrastive Linguistics, Deep Structure, Generative Grammar, Language Universals
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Curnow, Timothy Jowan – Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, 1995
Analyzes the rhetorical functions carried out by the selection of voice--active, passive, or "se"-passive--in biological research articles in Spanish. The author compares these rhetorical functions with those found in French and English scientific papers and on the basis of this comparison, suggests the existence of some universals. (18…
Descriptors: Biological Sciences, Contrastive Linguistics, Discourse Analysis, English
Harries, Helga – 1973
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how languages express contrastive emphasis. It is argued that all contrastively emphasized constructions have underlying cleft sentences, independent of whether the surface structure is an equational or a nonequational one. It is furthermore argued that emphatic word orders are systematic and predictable…
Descriptors: Contrastive Linguistics, Deep Structure, Descriptive Linguistics, Grammar
Johnson, Jeannette – 1968
This paper proposes a set of hypotheses on the nature of interrogration as a possible language universal. Examples and phrase structure rules and diagrams are given. Examining Tamazight and English, genetically unrelated languages with almost no contact, the author distinguishes two types of interrogation: (1) general, querying acceptability to…
Descriptors: Berber Languages, Contrastive Linguistics, English, Kernel Sentences
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Connors, Kathleen – 1974
This paper is intended to be the first part of a study contrasting the subjunctive of French with that of English and comparing it in both languages with the syntactic devices that can replace it. It examines the syntactic constraints on the use of subjunctive forms in French, the semantic contrast between indicative and subjunctive forms, and the…
Descriptors: Context Clues, Contrastive Linguistics, Descriptive Linguistics, English
Anderson, Stephen R.; Andrews, Avery D. – 1972
This first volume of a three-part language research study states and illustrates that the point of departure for comparative analysis of two languages rests on a comprehensive typology in each of a number of areas of grammar. The report suggests that a limited set of functions can be isolated, and that the range of grammatical possibilities open…
Descriptors: Case (Grammar), Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics, Deep Structure
Balhorn, Mark – 1996
A study extended previous research on second language learners' use of interlanguage knowledge in making grammaticality judgments. The grammatical construction under consideration is the existential-presentational (E-P) sentence. This construction is described, and it is shown how, due to universal constraints of information structure, it is…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics, Grammar, Grammatical Acceptability
Di Pietro, Robert J. – Working Papers in Linguistics, 1971
The distinction between artifact and tool is introduced into the study of language diversity and the posting of linguistic universals. A complicating factor in all language investigations is the use of language as the chief tool to create new language. Analogy and metaphor are considered as two major creative forces at work in all languages.…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Contrastive Linguistics, Creativity, Deep Structure
Slobin, Dan I. – 1968
The purpose of this paper is to review recent Soviet research on the child's development of Russian grammar, with detailed information on valuable methods for investigating this process. Cross-linguistic comparisons are made where applicable in view of their relevance for the study of universal aspects of language acquisition and linguistic…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Bulgarian, Caucasian Languages, Child Language