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Revising the Redundancy Principle in Multimedia Learning
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Mayer, Richard E.; Johnson, Cheryl I. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2008
College students viewed a short multimedia PowerPoint presentation consisting of 16 narrated slides explaining lightning formation (Experiment 1) or 8 narrated slides explaining how a car's braking system works (Experiment 2). Each slide appeared for approximately 8-10 s and contained a diagram along with 1-2 sentences of narration spoken in a…
Descriptors: Multimedia Instruction, Epistemology, College Students, Multimedia Materials