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Direct linkHoffmann, Ferdinand; Koehne, Svenja; Steinbeis, Nikolaus; Dziobek, Isabel; Singer, Tania – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) shows deficits in self-other distinction during theory of mind (ToM). Here we investigated whether ASD patients also show difficulties in self-other distinction during empathy and if potential deficits are linked to dysfunctional resting-state connectivity patterns. In a first study, ASD patients and controls…
Descriptors: Empathy, Autism, Integrity, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Pickron, Charisse B.; Iyer, Arjun; Fava, Eswen; Scott, Lisa S. – Child Development, 2018
This study examined differences in visual attention as a function of label learning from 6 to 9 months of age. Before and after 3 months of parent-directed storybook training with computer-generated novel objects, event-related potentials and visual fixations were recorded while infants viewed trained and untrained images (n = 23). Relative to a…
Descriptors: Child Development, Visual Perception, Attention Control, Parent Child Relationship
Download full textGomes da Silva, Sérgio; de Almeida, Alexandre Aparecido; Fernandes, Jansen; Lopim, Glauber Menezes; Cabral, Francisco Romero; Scerni, Débora Amado; de Oliveira-Pinto, Ana Virgínia; Lent, Roberto; Arida, Ricardo Mario – Online Submission, 2016
Clinical evidence has shown that physical exercise during pregnancy may alter brain development and improve cognitive function of offspring. However, the mechanisms through which maternal exercise might promote such effects are not well understood. The present study examined levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and absolute cell…
Descriptors: Mothers, Pregnancy, Exercise, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Sabatino, Antoinette; Rittenberg, Alison; Sasson, Noah J.; Turner-Brown, Lauren; Bodfish, James W.; Dichter, Gabriel S. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
This study investigated cognitive control of social and nonsocial information in autism using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and a neurotypical control group completed an oddball target detection task where target stimuli were either faces or nonsocial objects previously shown to be related…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Control Groups
Belle, Janna; van Hulst, Branko M.; Durston, Sarah – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: Intra-individual variability reflects temporal variation within an individual's performance on a cognitive task. Children with developmental disorders, such as ADHD and ASD show increased levels of intra-individual variability. In typical development, intra-individual variability decreases sharply between the ages 6 and 20. The tight…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Pedersen, Anya; Wilmsmeier, Andreas; Wiedl, Karl H.; Bauer, Jochen; Kueppers, Kerstin; Koelkebeck, Katja; Kohl, Waldemar; Kugel, Harald; Arolt, Volker; Ohrmann, Patricia – Brain and Cognition, 2012
The remediation of executive function in patients with schizophrenia is important in rehabilitation because these skills affect the patient's capacity to function in the community. There is evidence that instructional techniques can improve deficits in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in some schizophrenia patients. We used a standard…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Schizophrenia, Integrity, Patients
Mongeon, David; Blanchet, Pierre; Messier, Julie – Brain and Cognition, 2013
The capacity to learn new visuomotor associations is fundamental to adaptive motor behavior. Evidence suggests visuomotor learning deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the exact nature of these deficits and the ability of dopamine medication to improve them are under-explored. Previous studies suggested that learning driven by large and…
Descriptors: Diseases, Learning Strategies, Learning Processes, Patients
Rahko, Jukka S.; Paakki, Jyri-Johan; Starck, Tuomo H.; Nikkinen, Juha; Pauls, David L.; Katsyri, Jari V.; Jansson-Verkasalo, Eira M.; Carter, Alice S.; Hurtig, Tuula M.; Mattila, Marja-Leena; Jussila, Katja K.; Remes, Jukka J.; Kuusikko-Gauffin, Sanna A.; Sams, Mikko E.; Bolte, Sven; Ebeling, Hanna E.; Moilanen, Irma K.; Tervonen, Osmo; Kiviniemi, Vesa – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
FMRI was performed with the dynamic facial expressions fear and happiness. This was done to detect differences in valence processing between 25 subjects with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and 27 typically developing controls. Valence scaling was abnormal in ASDs. Positive valence induces lower deactivation and abnormally strong activity in ASD…
Descriptors: Autism, Scaling, Diagnostic Tests, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Bonnefond, Anne; Doignon-Camus, Nadege; Hoeft, Alain; Dufour, Andre – Brain and Cognition, 2011
We assessed the effects of time-on-task on cognitive control expressed by the CRN/Nc and the extent to which motivation modulates this relationship. We utilized two groups of participants, who were told that their performance would (evaluation condition) or would not (control condition) be evaluated online. Both groups performed a version of the…
Descriptors: Evidence, Motivation, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests
Troche, Joshua; Troche, Michelle S.; Berkowitz, Rebecca; Grossman, Murray; Reilly, Jamie – American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2012
Purpose: Deficits in auditory perception compromise a range of linguistic processes in persons with Parkinson's disease (PD), including speech perception and sensitivity to affective and linguistic prosody. An unanswered question is whether this deficit exists not only at the level of speech perception, but also at a more pervasive level of…
Descriptors: Suprasegmentals, Acoustics, Diseases, Auditory Perception
Roncaglia-Denissen, M. Paula; Schmidt-Kassow, Maren; Heine, Angela; Kotz, Sonja A. – Second Language Research, 2015
In an event-related potential (ERP) study we investigated the role of age of acquisition (AoA) on the use of second language rhythmic properties during syntactic ambiguity resolution. Syntactically ambiguous sentences embedded in rhythmically regular and irregular contexts were presented to Turkish early and late second language (L2) learners of…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Rhythm, Turkish, Language Research
Yordanova, Juliana; Albrecht, Bjorn; Uebel, Henrik; Kirov, Roumen; Banaschewski, Tobias; Rothenberger, Aribert; Kolev, Vasil – Brain, 2011
The maintenance of stable goal-directed behaviour is a hallmark of conscious executive control in humans. Notably, both correct and error human actions may have a subconscious activation-based determination. One possible source of subconscious interference may be the default mode network that, in contrast to attentional network, manifests…
Descriptors: Evidence, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Patients, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Fehr, Thorsten; Weber, Jochen; Willmes, Klaus; Herrmann, Manfred – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Prodigies are individuals with exceptional mental abilities. How is it possible that some of these people mentally calculate exponentiations with high accuracy and speed? We examined CP, a mental calculation prodigy, and a control group of 11 normal calculators for moderate mental arithmetic tasks. CP has additionally been tested for exceptionally…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Mental Computation, Short Term Memory, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Barker, L. A.; Andrade, J.; Morton, N.; Romanowski, C. A. J.; Bowles, D. P. – Neuropsychologia, 2010
This study investigated the "latent deficit" hypothesis in two groups of head-injured patients with predominantly frontal lesions, those injured prior to steep morphological and corresponding functional maturational periods for frontal networks (less than or equal to age 25), and those injured greater than 28 years. The latent deficit hypothesis…
Descriptors: Developmental Stages, Head Injuries, Pathology, Patients
Mueller, Sven C.; Maheu, Francoise S.; Dozier, Mary; Peloso, Elizabeth; Mandell, Darcy; Leibenluft, Ellen; Pine, Daniel S.; Ernst, Monique – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Early-life stress (ES) has been associated with diverse forms of psychopathology. Some investigators suggest that these associations reflect the effects of stress on the neural circuits that support cognitive control. However, very few prior studies have examined the associations between ES, cognitive control, and underlying neural architecture.…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Adolescents, Parents, Stress Variables
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