Learning analytics (LA) has been increasingly using in teaching and learning. However, in the field of applied linguistics, the use of LA has only begun to touch the surface. There is a need for understanding how LA and learning design (LD) influence each other and provide useful information to language teachers in the context of specific courses…

This paper attempts to investigate and compare two forms of learning logs using Google Sheets -- individual and collaborative learning logs -- and their effect on EFL university students' development of learner autonomy over the course of a semester. Subjects were 62 EFL learners from an intact English elective course at a private university in…