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Heckhausen, Jutta; Wrosch, Carsten; Schulz, Richard – Psychological Review, 2010
This article had four goals. First, the authors identified a set of general challenges and questions that a life-span theory of development should address. Second, they presented a comprehensive account of their Motivational Theory of Life-Span Development. They integrated the model of optimization in primary and secondary control and the…
Descriptors: Motivation, Individual Development, Research Needs, Models
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Callahan, Steven – Reclaiming Children and Youth: Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Problems, 1997
Presents a survival expert's model of survival. Characterizes survival in terms of being prepared for a crisis, escaping the immediate threat, avoiding disorientation and fear, and the survival routine, which includes hope, flexibility, and humor. Notes the impact of posttrauma situations and the need for continued vigilance. (RJM)
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Coping, Individual Power, Models
Cohen, Ruth I. – 1980
Methods of helping students reduce test anxiety are discussed, including guided fantasy which leads students to imagine a setting in which they feel competent and relaxed. Catastrophic-anastrophic expectations teach that different expectations create different feelings and make students aware that they are in charge of their own attitudes. Anxiety…
Descriptors: Attitude Change, Change Strategies, Coping, Expectation
Maddi, Salvatore R. – 1980
The notion that life stresses and personality have an interactive role in illness is part of the wisdom of the ages. Most past research has studied either life stresses or personality. A model for understanding health/illness status is presented that includes stressful life events and the resistance resources of personality, social supports,…
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Cognitive Processes, Coping, Health
Daniels, M. Harry; And Others – 1984
A project was conducted to develop a model, strategies, and procedures for introducing change skills instruction into vocational programs. During the course of the year-long project, the following were to be accomplished: development and presentation of a conceptual model that provided a rationale for introducing change skills instruction into…
Descriptors: Change Strategies, Classroom Techniques, Coping, Curriculum Development
Illinois State Board of Education, Springfield. Dept. of Adult, Vocational and Technical Education. – 1984
This extrapolation paper is intended: (1) to present a model of a pretechnical curriculum that has as its focus the self-empowerment of the individual and (2) to describe how the curriculum could be implemented in the schools. The first part of the paper discusses the need for a pretechnical curriculum in terms of a model for self-empowerment.…
Descriptors: Coping, Daily Living Skills, Education Work Relationship, Educational Needs