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Download full textSparks, Richard L. – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2022
This paper examines evidence for relationships among individual differences (IDs) in L1 achievement, L2 aptitude, and L2 achievement. It begins by providing an overview of my academic journey from L1 educator to L2 researcher and explains the development of the Linguistic Coding Differences Hypothesis (LCDH). Next, I review Peter Skehan's…
Descriptors: Correlation, Language Aptitude, Native Language, Second Language Learning
Direct linkSparks, Richard L. – Foreign Language Annals, 2016
Conventional wisdom in education has suggested that students who are classified as learning disabled (LD) will exhibit inordinate difficulties learning a foreign language (FL). Even when not explicitly stated, the notion that those classified as LD have a disability for FL learning is implied. However, while beliefs about this purported disability…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Misconceptions, Second Language Learning, Beliefs
Sparks, Richard L.; Luebbers, Julie; Castaneda, Martha; Patton, Jon – Modern Language Journal, 2018
A unique anxiety for foreign language (L2) learning has been hypothesized to explain students' problems with language learning. However, L2 anxiety instruments have been challenged on the grounds that they reflect students' language learning ability and/or perceptions of their language learning skills. In this study, 266 U.S. high school students…
Descriptors: High School Students, Spanish, Anxiety, Second Language Learning
Kahn-Horwitz, Janina; Sparks, Richard L.; Goldstein, Zahava – Applied Psycholinguistics, 2012
English as a foreign language (EFL) spelling was examined longitudinally three times (4th, 9th, 12th grades) during 9 years of EFL study among Hebrew first language (L1) students. The study examined the impact of L1 literacy variables including phonemic awareness, word attack, and spelling on EFL spelling and the relationship between EFL literacy…
Descriptors: Spelling, Phonemic Awareness, Word Recognition, Grade 12
Sparks, Richard L.; Patton, Jon – Language Learning, 2013
The Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) has been challenged on the grounds that it may also assess language learning skills. In this study, 128 students who had been administered measures of first language (L1) skills in elementary school were followed from 1st to 10th grade. Fifty-three students had completed second language (L2)…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Native Language, Elementary School Students, Language Aptitude
Sparks, Richard L. – Language Learning, 2012
In this article, I describe studies conducted over 25 years with secondary and post-secondary L2 learners in the United States. The evidence from these studies shows that there are important connections between students' early L1 skills and their L2 aptitude and L2 proficiency and that individual differences in students' L1 skills in elementary…
Descriptors: Secondary School Students, College Students, Individual Differences, Language Research
Sparks, Richard L.; Patton, Jon; Ganschow, Leonore; Humbach, Nancy – Applied Psycholinguistics, 2009
Fifty-four students were followed over 10 years beginning in first grade to determine best predictors of oral and written second language (L2) proficiency. Predictor variables included measures of first language (L1) skill administered in first through fifth grades, L1 academic aptitude, L2 aptitude (Modern Language Aptitude Test), and L2 affect…
Descriptors: Second Languages, Predictor Variables, Aptitude Tests, Decoding (Reading)
