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Jarosz, Andrew F.; Wiley, Jennifer – Intelligence, 2012
Current theories concerning individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) suggest that WMC reflects the ability to control the focus of attention and resist interference and distraction. The current set of experiments tested whether susceptibility to distraction is partially responsible for the established relationship between…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Individual Differences, Correlation, Task Analysis
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Ganzach, Yoav; Fried, Itzhak – Intelligence, 2012
In a longitudinal study, we investigate the moderating role of intelligence on the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards and intrinsic and extrinsic satisfactions on global job satisfaction. The results support our hypotheses that: (1) intrinsic rewards and intrinsic satisfaction are more strongly related to global job satisfaction among…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Job Satisfaction, Rewards, Longitudinal Studies
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Henderson, Ross D.; Allerhand, Michael; Patton, Niall; Pattie, Alison; Gow, Alan J.; Dhillon, Baljean; Starr, John M.; Deary, Ian J. – Intelligence, 2011
The extent to which visual function, measured as near and distant visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, is correlated with concurrently measured cognitive function and prior intellectual ability was investigated in a narrow age range group known as the Lothian Birth Cohort of 1921 (LBC1921). Participants were aged approximately 83 years at the…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Vision, Children, Older Adults
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Tamez, Elaine; Myerson, Joel; Hale, Sandra – Intelligence, 2012
According to the cognitive cascade hypothesis, age-related slowing results in decreased working memory, which in turn affects higher-order cognition. Because recent studies show complex associative learning correlates highly with fluid intelligence, the present study examined the role of complex associative learning in cognitive cascade models of…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Associative Learning, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes
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Dodonov, Yury S.; Dodonova, Yulia A. – Intelligence, 2012
In the present study, speeded tasks with differing assumed difficulties of the trials are regarded as a special class of simple cognitive tasks. Exploratory latent growth modeling with data-driven shape of a growth curve and nonlinear structured latent curve modeling with predetermined monotonically increasing functions were used to analyze…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Intervals, Reaction Time, Cognitive Ability
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Dang, Cai-Ping; Braeken, Johan; Ferrer, Emilio; Liu, Chang – Intelligence, 2012
This study explored the controversy surrounding working memory: whether it is a unitary system providing general purpose resources or a more differentiated system with domain-specific sub-components. A total of 348 participants completed a set of 6 working memory tasks that systematically varied in storage target contents and type of information…
Descriptors: Evidence, Intelligence, Structural Equation Models, Short Term Memory
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Brydges, Christopher R.; Reid, Corinne L.; Fox, Allison M.; Anderson, Mike – Intelligence, 2012
Executive functions (EF) and intelligence are of critical importance to success in many everyday tasks. Working memory, or updating, which is one latent variable identified in confirmatory factor analytic models of executive functions, predicts intelligence (both fluid and crystallised) in adults, but inhibition and shifting do not (Friedman et…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Learning Disabilities, Inhibition, Task Analysis
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Molenaar, Dylan; Dolan, Conor V.; Wicherts, Jelte M.; van der Maas, Han L. J. – Intelligence, 2010
The general differentiation hypothesis states that the strength of the correlations among a set of IQ subtests varies with a given variable. Instances of the general differentiation hypothesis that have been considered in the literature include age and ability differentiation. Traditionally, the differentiation effect is attributed to the varying…
Descriptors: Intelligence Tests, Intelligence Quotient, Factor Analysis, Cognitive Ability
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Luo, Dasen; Chen, Guopeng; Zen, Fanlin; Murray, Bronwyn – Intelligence, 2010
Item responses to Digit Span and Letter-Number Sequencing were analyzed to develop a better-refined model of the two working memory tasks using the finite mixture (FM) modeling method. Models with ordinal latent traits were found to better account for the independent sources of the variability in the tasks than those with continuous traits, and…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Short Term Memory, Correlation, Item Response Theory
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Rose, Susan A.; Feldman, Judith F.; Jankowski, Jeffery J.; Van Rossem, Ronan – Intelligence, 2011
Although it is well established that preterms as a group do poorly relative to their full-term peers on tests of global cognitive functioning, the basis for this relative deficiency is less understood. The present paper examines preterm deficits in core cognitive abilities and determines their role in mediating preterm/full-term differences in IQ.…
Descriptors: Body Weight, Structural Equation Models, Intelligence Quotient, Premature Infants
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Ratcliff, Roger; Schmiedek, Florian; McKoon, Gail – Intelligence, 2008
The worst performance rule for cognitive tasks [Coyle, T.R. (2003). IQ, the worst performance rule, and Spearman's law: A reanalysis and extension. "Intelligence," 31, 567-587] in which reaction time is measured is the result that IQ scores correlate better with longer (i.e., 0.7 and 0.9 quantile) reaction times than shorter (i.e., 0.1 and 0.3…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Intelligence Quotient, Correlation, Models
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Luders, Eileen; Narr, Katherine L.; Thompson, Paul M.; Toga, Arthur W. – Intelligence, 2009
With the advancement of image acquisition and analysis methods in recent decades, unique opportunities have emerged to study the neuroanatomical correlates of intelligence. Traditional approaches examining global measures have been complemented by insights from more regional analyses based on pre-defined areas. Newer state-of-the-art approaches…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Neurology, Brain, Cognitive Processes
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von Stumm, Sophie; Macintyre, Sally; Batty, David G.; Clark, Heather; Deary, Ian J. – Intelligence, 2010
In a birth cohort of 6281 men from Aberdeen, Scotland, social class of origin, childhood intelligence, childhood behavior disturbance and education were examined as predictors of status attainment in midlife (46 to 51 years). Social class of origin, intelligence and behavior disturbance were conceptualized as correlated predictors, whose effects…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Social Class, Social Status, Qualifications
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Colom, Roberto; Haier, Richard J.; Head, Kevin; Alvarez-Linera, Juan; Quiroga, Maria Angeles; Shih, Pei Chun; Jung, Rex E. – Intelligence, 2009
The parieto-frontal integration theory (P-FIT) nominates several areas distributed throughout the brain as relevant for intelligence. This theory was derived from previously published studies using a variety of both imaging methods and tests of cognitive ability. Here we test this theory in a new sample of young healthy adults (N = 100) using a…
Descriptors: Neurological Organization, Brain, Psychometrics, Cognitive Ability
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Oberauer, Klaus; Sub, Heinz-Martin; Wilhelm, Oliver; Wittmann, Werner W. – Intelligence, 2008
Investigates the relationship between three factors of working memory (storage and processing, relational integration, and supervision) and four factors of intelligence (reasoning, speed, memory, and creativity) using structural equation models. Relational integration predicted reasoning ability at least as well as the storage-and-processing…
Descriptors: Theories, Prediction, Intelligence, Structural Equation Models
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